CD001LINUX Red Hat Linux/i386 9 üüøø"g4ì Red Hat Linux/i386 9 2003022717550800ì2003022717550800ì00000000000000002003022717550800ìISO MD5SUM = 53447771bd3c2c13dd87652e3fdeaca2;SKIPSECTORS = 15;RHLISOSTATUS=1;THIS IS NOT THE SAME AS RUNNING MD5SUM ON THIS ISO!! CD001EL TORITO SPECIFICATIONnCD001LINUX Red Hat Linux_i3üü%/Eff"VVg4ì Red Hat Linux_i386 9 2003022717550800ì2003022717550800ì00000000000000002003022717550800ì ÿCD001MKI Thu Feb 27 17:55:08 2003 mkisofs 1.14 -A Red Hat Linux/i386 9 -V Red Hat Linux/i386 9 -J -R -v -T -x ./lost+found -o /mnt/redhat/scratch/Shrike-re0227.GM-RC5/i386/boxset-isos/Shrike-re0227.GM-RC5-i386-disc1-boxset.iso -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table .IDOSUTILSGIMAGES ISOLINUX!REDHATUAUTOBOOTKFIPS15COFIPS20SFIPSDOCSTRAWRITEWHPXEBOOTFBASE"RPMSLRESTORRBMSOURCEPRESTORRBQSOURCEIDOSUTILSGIMAGES ISOLINUX!REDHATUAUTOBOOTKFIPS15COFIPS20SFIPSDOCSTRAWRITEWHPXEBOOTFBASE"RPMSLRESTORRBMSOURCEPRESTORRBQSOURCEV YRedHatrdosutils pimagesXisolinuxZRPMSobase{autobootsfips15c vfips20yfipsdocszrawritewinqpxeboott restorrb u sourcew restorrb x sourceV YRedHatrdosutils pimagesXisolinuxZRPMSobase{autobootsfips15c vfips20yfipsdocszrawritewinqpxeboott restorrb u sourcew restorrb x 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ìXFREE008.RPM;1RR‰NM"XFree86-libs-4.3.0-2.i386.rpmPX$¤¤TFg ìg ìg6 ì”—àà—³WW³g  ìXFREE009.RPM;1RR‰NM!XFree86-xfs-4.3.0-2.i386.rpmPX$¤¤TFg  ìg  ìg6 ìœáád^^dg ìXFREE00A.RPM;1RR‰NM(XFree86-font-utils-4.3.0-2.i386.rpmPX$¤¤TFg ìg ìg6 ìNááNñ*ÈÈ*ñg :ìXFREE86_.RPM;1RR‰NMXFree86-4.3.0-2.i386.rpmPX$¤¤TFg :ìg :ìg6 ìTúúTíààíg+ìXINETD_2.RPM;1RR‰NMxinetd-2.3.10-6.i386.rpmPX$¤¤ TFg+ìg+ìg6 ì’‘úú‘~JJ~g&-ìXINITRC_.RPM;1RR‰NMxinitrc-3.32-1.noarch.rpmPX$¤¤99TFg&-ìg&-ìg6 쎛úú›öxxög( ìYPBIND_1.RPM;1RR‰NMypbind-1.11-4.i386.rpmPX$¤¤**TFg( ìg( ìg6 ì«úú«½ùù½g(ìYP_TOOLS.RPM;1RR‰NMyp-tools-2.7-5.i386.rpmPX$¤¤**TFg(ìg(ìg6 ìŒËúúË<¼¼FF>[ ð COPYING.;1RR‰NM copyingPX$¤¤TF[ ðg"ìg6 ì‚÷÷œ œe 4ð CYGWIN1.DLL;1RR‰NMcygwin1.dllPX$ííTFe 4ðg#ìg6 ì|JøøJ@  @b #,ð FIPS.EXE;1RR‰NM fips.exePX$¤¤TFb #,ðg#ìg6 ìxKKf +ðFIPS15CRR‰NM fips15cPX$íAAíTFf +ðg 3 ìg6 ìvOOf *ðFIPS20RR‰NM fips20PX$íAAíTFf *ðg 3 ìg6 ìzSSf *ðFIPSDOCSRR‰NM fipsdocsPX$íAAíTFf *ðg 3 ìg6 ì|ŸøøŸæ››æ`:8ð GZIP.EXE;1RR‰NM gzip.exePX$¤¤TF`:8ðg#ìg6 삳øø³á}}ág /ì 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HISTORY.TXT;1RR‰NMhistory.txtPX$¤¤TFa 2"ìg"ìg6 쀬ùù¬cc_ ì README.1ST;1RR‰NMreadme.1stPX$¤¤TF_ ìg"ìg6 ìzLLf +ðRESTORRBRR‰NM restorrbPX$íAAíTFf +ðg 3 ìg6 ì„/ùù/.55._:ðRESTORRB.EXE;1RR‰NMrestorrb.exePX$¤¤TF_:ðg"ìg6 ìvMMf +ðSOURCERR‰NM sourcePX$íAAíTFf +ðg 3 ìg6 삯ùù¯••_ :"ð SPECIAL.DOC;1RR‰NMspecial.docPX$¤¤TF_ :"ðg"ìg6 섳ùù³,"",b &,ðTECHINFO.TXT;1RR‰NMtechinfo.txtPX$¤¤TFb &,ðg"ìg6 ì~¸ùù¸››g7ì TRANS.TBL;1RR‰NMTRANS.TBLPX$$$TFg7ìg7ìg7ìfLLf +ðRRPX$íAAíTFf +ðg 3 ìg6 ìfKKf +ðRRPX$íAAíTFf +ðg 3 ìg6 쀹ùù¹ŒŒ_'ð RESTORRB.C;1RR‰NMrestorrb.cPX$ííTF_'ðg"ìg6 ì|½ùù½ ] ð RTYPES.H;1RR‰NM rtypes.hPX$ííTF] ðg"ìg6 쀿ùù¿_':ð RVERSION.H;1RR‰NMrversion.hPX$ííTF_':ðg"ìg6 ì~ÀùùÀššg7ì TRANS.TBL;1RR‰NMTRANS.TBLPX$$$TFg7ìg7ìg7ìfMMf +ðRRPX$íAAíTFf +ðg 3 ìg6 ìfKKf +ðRRPX$íAAíTFf +ðg 3 ìg6 ì„ÁùùÁ""a &ìCALCULAT.CPP;1RR‰NMcalculat.cppPX$ííTFa &ìg"ìg6 ì~ÃùùÃù--ùa  ì CHECK.CPP;1RR‰NMcheck.cppPX$ííTFa  ìg"ìg6 ì„ÉùùÉ a  ìCMDL_ARG.CPP;1RR‰NMcmdl_arg.cppPX$ííTFa  ìg"ìg6 ì‚ËùùË““a  ì DISK_IO.CPP;1RR‰NMdisk_io.cppPX$ííTFa  ìg"ìg6 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ðrawwritewin.exe6ìûûì¡¡e ( ðreadme.txt"{{g3ì"rrg3ì4îûûîeeg7ìTRANS.TBL6qqøU))Uøg-4ìinitrd.img0ªªK Kg-4ìvmlinuzERí T‡RRIP_1991ATHE ROCK RIDGE INTERCHANGE PROTOCOL PROVIDES SUPPORT FOR POSIX FILE SYSTEM SEMANTICSPLEASE CONTACT DISC PUBLISHER FOR SPECIFICATION SOURCE. SEE PUBLISHER IDENTIFIER IN PRIMARY VOLUME DESCRIPTOR FOR CONTACT INFORMATION.#!/bin/sh # # Autorun script for Red Hat Linux # Copyright (c) 1999-2002 Red Hat, Inc. dir=$(echo $0 |sed 's/autorun//') cd $dir tree=$(pwd) # Change directories so we can unmount the CD-ROM Drive cd / exec /usr/bin/redhat-cdinstall-helper $tree LICENSE AGREEMENT AND LIMITED PRODUCT WARRANTY RED HAT LINUX 9 - CD-Only and Download Distributions Please read this document carefully before installing Red Hat? Linux?, any of its packages, or any software included with this product, on your computer. This document contains important information about your legal rights. By installing any or all of the software included with this product, you agree to the following terms and conditions. GENERAL As used herein, "EULA" means an end user license agreement, and "Software Programs" means, collectively, the Linux Programs as defined herein. 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Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too. When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 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If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations. Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. 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If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice. This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License. 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. Copyright (C) 19yy This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. , 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License. Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== 本光碟片內所å«å…§å®¹çš„版權是屬於 Red Hat, Inc. 以åŠå…¶ä»–組織個人所有 (著作權 (C) 1995-2003)。 欲了解軟體散佈æ¢æ¬¾ï¼Œè«‹åƒè€ƒå€‹åˆ¥åŽŸå§‹å¥—件 的著作權公告。 Red Hat, Inc. 著作權ä¿è­·çš„工具程å¼æ•£ä½ˆæ¢æ¬¾æ”¶éŒ„在 EULA 這個檔案中。 Red Hat 與 RPM 是 Red Hat, Inc. 的註冊商標。 ============================================================================ 目錄樹狀圖 Red Hat Linux 包å«æœ‰ 6 片光碟片（光碟片一到六）。 第一片光碟å¯ä»¥åœ¨å¤§éƒ¨åˆ†è¼ƒæ–°çš„系統上直接開機到安è£ç¨‹å¼ï¼Œ 它包å«æœ‰ä»¥ä¸‹çš„目錄çµæ§‹ï¼ˆ/mnt/cdrom 是光碟機的掛載點）： /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- 二進制套件 | `----> base -- 安è£éŽç¨‹ä¸­ç”¨åˆ°çš„此版 Red Hat Linux 相關資訊 |----> images -- 開機與驅動程å¼æ˜ åƒæª” |----> dosutils -- DOS 的安è£å·¥å…·ç¨‹å¼ |----> README -- 本檔案 |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- 關於此版 Red Hat Linux 的最新資訊 `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hat 套件的 GPG ç°½å檔 第二ã€ä¸‰ç‰‡å…‰ç¢Ÿé¡žä¼¼ç¬¬ä¸€ç‰‡ï¼Œä¸éŽå®ƒåªåˆ—出 RedHat çš„å­ç›®éŒ„。 第四ã€äº”ã€å…­ç‰‡å…‰ç¢Ÿçš„內容編排如下： /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- 原始碼套件 `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hat 套件的 GPG ç°½å檔 å‡å¦‚您è¦è¨­å®šç”¨æ–¼ NFSã€FTP 或 HTTP 安è£çš„安è£ç›®éŒ„， 您必須複製所有的 RELEASE-NOTES 檔案以åŠç¬¬ä¸€åˆ°ç¬¬ä¸‰ç‰‡å…‰ç¢Ÿä¸­ RedHat 目錄下的所有檔案。 在 Linux å’Œ Unix 系統上，以下的步驟將會完整的 設定您伺æœå™¨ä¸Šçš„ /target/directory 目錄（å°æ¯ä¸€ç‰‡å…‰ç¢Ÿé‡è¤‡ç›¸åŒçš„步驟）： 1) 放入光碟片，å†éµå…¥ä»¥ä¸‹æŒ‡ä»¤ 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory （åªåœ¨å…‰ç¢Ÿç‰‡ä¸€ä¸ŠåŸ·è¡Œï¼‰ 5) umount /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linux 也有用於相容系統å¯é–‹æ©Ÿçš„ DVD-ROM。 該 DVD-ROM å«æœ‰æ‰€æœ‰çš„安è£æª”案與二進制套件 （光碟片一到三的所有內容），以åŠåŽŸå§‹ç¢¼ RPMS （光碟片四ã€äº” 與六），其中的目錄編排如下 （/mnt/cdrom 是 DVD-ROM 的掛載點）： /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- 二進制套件 | `----> base -- 安è£éŽç¨‹ä¸­ç”¨åˆ°çš„此版 | Red Hat Linux 相關資訊 |----> SRPMS -- 原始碼套件 |----> images -- 開機與虛擬硬碟映åƒæª” |----> dosutils -- DOS 的安è£å·¥å…·ç¨‹å¼ |----> README -- 本檔案 |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- 關於此版 Red Hat Linux 的最新資訊 `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hat 套件的 GPG ç°½å檔 ============================================================================ 安è£ä¸­ ç¾åœ¨è¨±å¤šé›»è…¦éƒ½å¯ä»¥è‡ªå‹•å¾ž CD-ROM 開機，å‡å¦‚您的機器也是這樣（並且已經設定好）， 您ä¸éœ€ä½¿ç”¨ä»»ä½•çš„開機片便能從 Red Hat Linux çš„ CD-ROM 直接開機。 開機後，將會 å•Ÿå‹• Red Hat Linux 的安è£ç¨‹å¼ï¼Œç„¶å¾Œæ‚¨å°‡å¯ä»¥å¾ž CD-ROM 進行系統安è£ã€‚ å‡å¦‚您的電腦必須使用開機片來啟動 Red Hat Linux 安è£ç¨‹å¼ï¼Œæ‚¨å¿…須使用 一個或以上的映åƒæª”來建立必è¦çš„ç£ç‰‡ã€‚ 您å¯ä»¥åœ¨ image 目錄中找到這些映 åƒæª”案，這個目錄包å«ä¸‹åˆ—的映åƒæª”案： - bootdisk.img - 主è¦çš„é–‹æ©Ÿç£ç‰‡æ˜ åƒæª”案 - drvblock.img - 包å«é™„加的å€å¡Šè£ç½®é©…動程å¼çš„映åƒæª”案 - drvnet.img - 包å«é™„加的網路驅動程å¼çš„映åƒæª”案 - pcmciadd.img - PCMCIA 驅動程å¼æ˜ åƒæª”案 ä¸ç®¡æ‚¨é¸æ“‡ä½•ç¨®çš„安è£æ–¹å¼ï¼Œå¾ž bootdisk.img 檔案建立的ç£ç‰‡å¯ä½¿ç”¨ä¾†é–‹æ©Ÿ 所有的安è£æ–¹å¼ã€‚ 此外，å‡å¦‚您ä¸æ˜¯åŸ·è¡Œ CD-ROM 或使用 IDE/ATAPI è£ç½®çš„ 硬碟安è£æ–¹å¼ï¼Œæ‚¨å¿…é ˆè¦ä½¿ç”¨ä¸€å€‹æˆ–以上的驅動程å¼æ˜ åƒæª”案來建立一個或以 上的驅動程å¼ç£ç‰‡ã€‚ 當系統中å«æœ‰ä»»ä½•éž IDE 的儲存è£ç½®ï¼ˆå¦‚ SCSI 硬碟或光碟機），並且將使用 來進行安è£ï¼Œæ­¤æ™‚便需è¦å¾ž drvblock.img 檔案來建立一片驅動程å¼ç£ç‰‡ã€‚ 當您è¦ä½¿ç”¨ç¶²è·¯ç‚ºä¸»çš„安è£æ–¹å¼æ™‚，您便需è¦å¾ž drvnet.img 檔案來建立一片 驅動程å¼ç£ç‰‡ã€‚ 在安è£éŽç¨‹ä¸­ï¼Œå¦‚è¦ä½¿ç”¨ä»»ä½•çš„ PCMCIA è£ç½®ï¼ˆå¦‚一個經由 PCMCIA 介é¢é€£æŽ¥çš„ 光碟機或網路å¡ï¼‰ï¼Œæ‚¨ä¾¿éœ€è¦å¾ž pcmciadd.img 檔案來建立一片驅動程å¼ç£ç‰‡ã€‚ è¦å¾žé€™äº›æ˜ åƒæª”中的任一個來製作開機片，您å¯ä½¿ç”¨åœ¨ dosutils 目錄下的 rawrite 程å¼æˆ–使用在任何 Linux 系統中的 'dd' 程å¼ã€‚ 這些程å¼æœƒå°‡è©²æ˜ åƒæª”轉æ›åˆ°è»Ÿç¢Ÿç‰‡ä¸Šã€‚ 一旦建立好軟碟片， 將它放入軟碟機然後啟動您的系統。 在 images/ 目錄中還有一個 boot.iso 檔案，這個檔案是è¦ä½¿ç”¨ä¾†é–‹æ©Ÿ Red Hat Linux 安è£ç¨‹å¼çš„一個 ISO 映åƒæª”案。 藉由使用這個檔案， 您便ä¸éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨å¤šç‰‡çš„ç£ç‰‡ä¾†å•Ÿå‹•ç¶²è·¯ç‚ºä¸»çš„安è£ç¨‹å¼ã€‚ 如è¦ä½¿ç”¨ boot.iso， 您的電腦必須å¯ä»¥å¾žå…‰ç¢Ÿæ©Ÿé–‹æ©Ÿï¼Œè€Œä¸” BIOS 也必須設定為如此。 ç„¶å¾Œæ‚¨ä¾¿å¯ ä»¥å°‡ boot.iso 燒錄到一片空白的 CD-R/RW 上。 ============================================================================ å–得幫助 å°é‚£äº›æœ‰é€£ç·šåˆ°ç¶²éš›ç¶²è·¯çš„人，請到 http://www.redhat.com。 至於想加入我們郵éžè«–壇的人，請到： http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists å‡å¦‚您沒有連線到網際網路，您ä»ç„¶å¯ä»¥è¨‚閱主è¦çš„郵éžè«–壇。 欲訂閱，請寄電å­éƒµä»¶è‡³ Shrike-list-request@redhat.com 並輸入 subscribe 在主題欄中。 您å¯ä»¥è®“本文å€ç•™ä¸‹ç©ºç™½ã€‚ Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== The contents of this CD-ROM are Copyright (C) 1995-2003 Red Hat, Inc. and others. Please see the individual copyright notices in each source package for distribution terms. The distribution terms of the tools copyrighted by Red Hat, Inc. are as noted in the file EULA. Red Hat and RPM are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. ============================================================================ DIRECTORY ORGANIZATION Red Hat Linux is delivered on six CD-ROMs (disc 1 through disc 6). Disc 1 can be directly booted into the installation on most modern systems, and contains the following directory structure (where /mnt/cdrom is the mount point of the CD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- binary packages | `----> base -- information on this release of Red Hat | Linux used by the installation process |----> images -- boot and driver disk images |----> dosutils -- installation utilities for DOS |----> README -- this file |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- the latest information about this release | of Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- GPG signature for packages from Red Hat Discs 2 and 3 are similar to disc 1, except that only the RedHat subdirectory is present. The directory layout of discs 4, 5, and 6 are as follows: /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- source packages `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- GPG signature for packages from Red Hat If you are setting up an installation tree for NFS, FTP, or HTTP installations, you need to copy the RELEASE-NOTES files and all files from the RedHat directory on discs 1-3. On Linux and Unix systems, the following process will properly configure the /target/directory on your server (repeat for each disc): 1) Insert disc 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory 5) umount /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linux is also available on a bootable DVD-ROM for compatible systems. The DVD-ROM contains all installation files and binaries (the contents of CD-ROM discs 1, 2, and 3) as well as source RPMS (discs 4, 5 and 6) and has the following directory structure (where /mnt/cdrom is the mount point of the DVD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- binary packages | `----> base -- information on this release of Red Hat | Linux used by the installation process |----> SRPMS -- source packages |----> images -- boot and driver disk images |----> dosutils -- installation utilities for DOS |----> README -- this file |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- the latest information about this release | of Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- GPG signature for packages from Red Hat ============================================================================ INSTALLING Many computers can now automatically boot from CD-ROMs. If you have such a machine (and it is properly configured) you can boot the Red Hat Linux CD-ROM directly without using any boot diskettes. After booting, the Red Hat Linux installation program will start, and you will be able to install your system from the CD-ROM. If your computer must use a boot diskette to start the Red Hat Linux installation process, you must use one or more image files to create the necessary diskettes. You can find the necessary image files in the images directory. This directory contains the following image files: - bootdisk.img - primary boot diskette image file - drvblock.img - image file containing supplemental block device drivers - drvnet.img - image file containing supplemental network drivers - pcmciadd.img - PCMCIA driver image file A diskette created from the the bootdisk.img file is used to boot all installations, no matter what installation method you select. In addition, if you are performing anything other than a CD-ROM or hard disk installation using only IDE/ATAPI devices, you will also need to create one or more driver diskettes using one or more of the driver diskette image files. A diskette created from the drvblock.img file is required when the system contains any non-IDE mass storage devices (such as SCSI disk or CD-ROM drives) that are to be used during the installation. A diskette created from the drvnet.img file is required when a network-based installation method is to be used. A diskette created from the pcmciadd.img file is required when PCMCIA devices (such as a PCMCIA-based CD-ROM drive or network adapter) are to be used during the installation. To write any of these image files to a diskette, use either the rawrite program in the dosutils directory, or 'dd' under any Linux-like system. These programs will transfer the contents of the image file to a diskette. Once the necessary diskettes have been created, insert the boot diskette and boot your machine. Also in the images/ directory is boot.iso. This file is an ISO image that can be used to boot the Red Hat Linux installation program. It is a handy way to start network-based installations without having to use multiple diskettes. To use boot.iso, your computer must be able to boot from its CD-ROM drive, and its BIOS settings must be configured to do so. You must then burn boot.iso onto a recordable/rewriteable CD-ROM. ============================================================================ GETTING HELP For those that have web access, see http://www.redhat.com. In particular, access to our mailing lists can be found at: http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists If you do not have web access you can still subscribe to the main mailing list. To subscribe, send mail to Shrike-list-request@redhat.com with subscribe in the subject line. You can leave the body empty. Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== Die Inhalte dieser CD-ROM sind Copyright (C) 1995-2003 von Red Hat, Inc. und anderen. Die einzelnen Copyrights für die Bezeichnungen der Distribution finden Sie auf jedem Sourcepaket. Die Distributionsbezeichnung der Tools, die urheberrechtlich für Red Hat, Inc. geschützt sind, finden Sie in der Datei EULA. Red Hat und RPM sind Warenzeichen von Red Hat, Inc. ============================================================================ VERZEICHNISAUFBAU Red Hat Linux wird auf sechs CD-ROMS ausgeliefert (CD 1 bis CD 6). CD 1 kann direkt in die Installation der meisten modernen Systeme gebootet werden, und enthält die folgende Verzeichnisstruktur (wobei /mnt/cdrom der Mount-Punkt der CD-ROM ist): /mnt/redhat |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- Binärpakete | `----> base -- Informationen über diese Version von Red Hat | Linux - werden beim Installationsprozess | verwendet |----> images -- Boot- und Treiberdisketten-Image |----> dosutils -- Installations-Dienstprogramme für DOS |----> README -- diese Datei |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- die neuesten Informationen dieser Version von | Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- GPG Signatur für Pakete von Red Hat CDROM 2 und 3 ist ähnlich, mit der Ausnahme, dass nur das RedHat Unterverzeichnis vorhanden ist. Die Verzeichnisstruktur der CD 4, 5 und 6 ist wie folgt: /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- Sourcepakete `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- GPG Signatur für Pakete von Red Hat Wenn Sie einen Installationsbaum für NFS, FTP oder HTTP-Installationen einstellen, müssen Sie die Dateien mit den Infos zur Version und sämtliche Dateien aus dem RedHat-Verzeichnis von CDROM 1-3 kopieren. Auf Linux und Unix Systemen wird /target/directory Ihres Servers mit folgendem Prozess korrekt konfiguriert (der für jede CDROM auszuführen ist): 1) CDROM einlegen 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory 5) umount /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linux ist auch als bootfähige DVD-ROM für kompatible Systeme erhältlich.Die DVD-ROM enthält alle Installationsdateien und Binaries (der Inhalt der CD-ROMs 1, 2 und 3) und außerdem Quell-RPMs (CDs 4, 5 und 6), und hat die folgende Verzeichnisstruktur (wobei /mnt/cdrom der Mount-Punkt der DVD-ROM ist): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- Binärpakete | `----> base -- Informationen über diese Version von Red Hat Linux - werden beim Installationsprozess verwendet | |----> SRPMS -- Sourcepakete |----> images -- Boot- und Treiberdisketten-Image |----> dosutils -- Installations-Dienstprogramme für DOS |----> README -- diese Datei |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- die neuesten Informationen über diese i386: | Version von Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- GPG Signatur für Pakete von Red Hat ============================================================================ INSTALLIEREN Viele Computer können nun automatisch von CD-ROM booten. Wenn Sie so einen Computer besitzen (und dieser richtig konfiguriert ist), können Sie die Red Hat Linux CD-ROM direkt ohne Bootdisketten booten. Nach dem Booten startet das Red Hat Linux Installationsprogramm, und Sie können dann Ihr System von CD-ROM installieren. Wenn ihr Computer eine Bootdiskette für das Starten des Red Hat Linux Installationsprozesses benötigt, brauchen Sie eine oder mehrere Image-Dateien zum Erstellen der nötigen Disketten. Diese Dateien befinden sich im Image-Verzeichnis. Dieses Verzeichnis enthält die folgenden Image-Dateien: - bootdisk.img - Image-Datei für die primäre Bootdiskette - drvblock.img - Image-Datei mit zusätzlichen Blockgeräte-Treibern - drvnet.img - Image-Datei mit zusätzlichen Netzwerk-Treibern - pcmciadd.img - Image-Datei für PCMCIA-Treiber Eine Diskette, die aus der bootdisk.img-Datei erstellt wurde, wird zum Booten aller Installationen verwendet, unabhängig von der gewählten Installationsmethode. Zusätzlich dazu benötigen Sie, wenn Sie etwas anderes als eine Installation von CD-ROM oder Festplatte mit ausschließlich IDE/ATAPI-Geräten durchführen wollen, eine oder mehrere Treiberdisketten mit einer oder mehrerer Image-Dateien für Treiberdisketten. Eine aus der Datei drvblock.img erstellte Diskette wird benötigt, wenn das System nicht-IDE Speichergeräte (wie zum Beispiel eine SCSI-Platte oder CD-ROM-Laufwerke) besitzt, die während der Installation verwendet werden sollen. Eine aus der Datei drvnet.img erstellte Diskette wird benötigt, wenn eine netzwerkbasierte Installation durchgeführt werden soll. Eine aus der Datei pcmciadd.img erstellte Diskette wird benötigt, wenn PCMCIA-Geräte (wie zum Beispiel ein PCMCIA-basiertes CD-ROM-Laufwerk oder ein Netzwerkadapter) während der Installation verwendet werden sollen. Um eines dieser Images auf Diskette zu schreiben, verwenden Sie entweder das Programm rawrite im dosutils-Verzeichnis oder 'dd' in einem Linux-ähnlichen System. Diese Programme übertragen den Inhalt der Image-Datei auf eine Diskette. Sobald die benötigten Disketten erstellt wurden, legen Sie die Boot-Diskette ein und booten Sie Ihren Computer. Desweiteren befindet sich im Verzeichnis images/ die Datei boot.iso. Diese Datei ist ein ISO-Image, das in das Red Hat Linux Installationsprogramm gebootet werden kann. Dies ist eine einfache Methode, netzwerkbasierte Installationen ohne eine Vielzahl von Disketten zu starten. Um boot.iso verwenden zu können, muss Ihr Computer vom CD-ROM-Laufwerk booten können und das BIOS muss dafür konfiguriert sein.Sie müssen dann die Datei boot.iso auf eine beschreibbare CD-ROM brennen. ============================================================================ HILFE ANFORDERN Zugriff über das Web http://www.redhat.com. Im Speziellen, Zugriff auf unsere Mailing Lists unter: http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists Wenn Sie keinen Zugriff zum Web haben, können Sie die Mailing List abonnieren. zum Abonnieren Schicken Sie eine Mail an Shrike-list-request@redhat. com, und geben Sie als Betreff subscribe ein. Sie brauchen keinen weiteren Text einzugeben. Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== El contenido de este CD-ROM está bajo Copyright (C) 1995-2003 de Red Hat, Inc. y otros. Por favor, consulte cada una de las diferentes informaciones acerca del copyright en cada uno de los paquetes de código fuente para ver los términos de la distribución de los mismos. Los términos de la distribución y las herramientas con copyright de Red Hat, Inc. se encuentran en el fichero COPYING. Red Hat y RPM son marcas registradas de Red Hat, Inc. ============================================================================ ORGANIZACIÓN DE LOS DIRECTORIOS Red Hat Linux se entrega en seis CD-ROMs (del disco 1 al 6). El Disco 1 puede arrancar directamente la instalación en la mayoría de los sistemas modernos y contiene la siguiente estructura de directorios (donde /mnt/cdrom es el punto de montaje del CD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- paquetes binarios | `----> base -- información sobre esta versión de Red Hat | Linux usada por el proceso de instalación | |----> images -- imágenes de disco de arranque y controladores |----> dosutils -- utilidades de instalación para DOS |----> COPYING -- información del copyright |----> README -- este fichero |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- notas de última hora sobre esta versión de | Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- firma GPG de los paquetes de Red Hat Los Discos 2 y 3 son similares al disco 1, excepto que solamente está presente el subdirectorio de RedHat. La disposición de los directorios de los discos 4, 5, y 6 son como sigue: /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- paquetes fuente `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- firma GPG para paquetes de Red Hat Si está configurando una imagen para instalaciones NFS, FTP, o HTTP, es necesario copiar los ficheros de RELEASE-NOTES y todos los ficheros desde el directorio RedHat en los discos 1-3. En los sistemas Linux y Unix, el siguiente proceso configurará correctamente el directorio /target/ en su servidor (vuelva a repetir la operación para cada disco): 1) Inserte el disco 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory 5) umount /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linux también está disponble en DVD-ROM de arranque para sistemas compatibles. El DVD-ROM contiene todos los archivos de instalación y binarios (los contenidos de los discos CD-ROM 1, 2, y 3) así como también fuentes RPMS (discos 4, 5 y 6) y tiene la siguiente estructura de directorio (donde /mnt/cdrom es el punto de montaje del DVD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- paquetes binarios | `----> base -- información en esta versión de Red Hat | Linux usada en el proceso de | instalación |----> SRPMS -- paquetes fuente |----> images -- imágenes de disco de arranque y controladores |----> dosutils -- utilidades de instalación para DOS |----> README -- este fichero |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- la última información sobre esta i386: | versión de Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- firma GPG para paquetes de Red Hat ============================================================================ INSTALACIÓN Muchos computadores ahora arrancan automáticamente desde CD-ROMs. Si tiene una máquina como esta (y está configurada de la forma correcta) puede arrancar el CD-ROM de Red Hat Linux directamente sin usar discos de arranque. Después del arranque, el programa de instalación de Red Hat Linux arrancará y podrá instalar su sistema desde el CD-ROM. Si su computador debe usar un disquete de arranque para iniciar el proceso de instalación de Red Hat Linux, deberá usar uno o más archivos de imágenes para crear los disquetes necesarios. Puede encontrar los archivos de imagen necesarios en los directorios de imágenes. Este directorio contiene los siguientes archivos de imágenes: - bootdisk.img - archivo imagen del disquete de arranque primario - drvblock.img - archivo imagen conteniendo controladores de dispositivos de bloque suplementarios - drvnet.img - archivo imagen conteniendo controladores de red suplementarios - pcmciadd.img - archivo imagen para controlador PCMCIA Un disquete creado desde un archivo imagen bootdisk.img file es usado para arrancar todas las intalaciones, no importa qué método de instalación seleccione. Además, si sólo está llevando a cabo una instalacion de CD-ROM o de disco duro usando dispositivos IDE/ATAPI, también necesitará crear uno o más disquetes de controladores usando uno o más de los archivos de imágenes de discos de controladores. Se requiere un disquete creado desde el archivo drvblock.img cuando el sistema contiene cualquier dispositivo de almacenamiento que no sea IDE (tales como un disco SCSI o una unidad de CD-ROM) que se usarán durante la instalación. Se requiere un disquete creado a partir del archivo drvnet.img cuando se usa un método de instalación basado en red. Se necesita un disquete creado a partir del archivo pcmciadd.img cuando se usen dispositivos PCMCIA (tales como una unidad de CD-ROM o un adaptador de red para PCMCIA) durante la instalación. Para escribir cualquiera de estos archivos de imágenes a un disquete, use bien sea el programa rawrite en el directorio dosutils o 'dd' bajo cualquier sistema Linux. Estos programas transferirán los contenidos del archivo de imagen a un disquete. Una vez creados los disquetes necesarios, inserte el disquete de arranque e inicie su máquina. También en el directorio images/ directory se encuentra boot.iso. Este archivo es una imagen ISO que se puede utilizar para arrancar el programa de instalación Red Hat Linux. Es una forma cómoda de comenzar instalaciones basadas en red sin tener que usar múltiples disquetes. Para usar boot.iso, su computador debe ser capaz de arrancar desde su unidad de CD-ROM y las configuraciones de la BIOS deben estar especificadas para esto. Luego, debe quemar boot.iso en un CD-ROM grabable o regrabable. ============================================================================ OBTENER AYUDA Para todos aquellos que dispongan de acceso a la web, vayan a la dirección http://www.redhat.com. En particular, accedan a nuestras listas de correo, que se pueden encontrar en: http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists Si no dispone de acceso a la web, puede suscribirse a las listas de correo. Para suscribirse, escriba a Shrike-list-request@redhat.com con subscribe en la línea del título. Puede dejar el cuerpo del mensaje vacío. Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== Le contenu de ce CD-ROM est protégé par le droit d'auteur (C) 1995-2003 de Red Hat, Inc. et autres. Veuillez lire les mentions individuelles de copyright dans chaque paquetage source pour connaître les conditions de distribution. Les conditions de distribution des outils protégés par le droit d'auteur de Red Hat, Inc sont indiquées dans le fichier COPYING. Red Hat et RPM sont des marques de Red Hat, Inc. ============================================================================ ORGANISATION DE REPERTOIRES Red Hat Linux est fourni sur six CD-ROM (disques 1 à 6). Le disque 1 peut être démarré directement pour l'installation sur la plupart des systèmes modernes et est composé de la structure de répertoires suivante (où /mnt/cdrom est le point de montage du CD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- paquetages binaires | `----> base -- informations sur cette version de Red Hat | Linux utilisées par le processus d'installation |----> images -- images de disque de démarrage et de pilote |----> dosutils -- utilitaires d'installation pour DOS |----> COPYING -- informations sur le copyright |----> README -- ce fichier |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- les informations les plus récentes sur cette version | de Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- signature GPG pour les paquetages de Red Hat Les disques 2 et 3 sont semblables au disque 1, à la différence que seul le sous-répertoire RedHat y est présent. La disposition des répertoires sur les disques 4, 5 et 6 se présente de la manière suivante: /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- paquetages source `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- signature GPG pour les paquetages Red Hat Si vous paramétrez une image pour des installations NFS, FTP ou HTTP, vous devez copier les fichiers de notes de mises à jour et tous les fichiers du répertoire RedHat sur les disques 1-3. Sur les systèmes Linux et Unix, le processus suivant configurera correctement /target/directory sur votre serveur (répétez l'opération pour chaque disque) : 1) Insérez le disque 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory 5) umount /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linux est également disponible sur un DVD-ROM amorçable pour les systèmes compatibles. Le DVD-ROM contient tous les fichiers et les binaires d'installation (le contenu des disques CD-ROM 1, 2 et 3), ainsi que les RPM source (disques 4, 5 et 6) et contient la structure de répertoires suivante (où /mnt/cdrom est le point de montage du DVD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- paquetages binaires | `----> base -- informations sur cette version de Red Hat | Linux utilisées dans le processus d'installation |----> SRPMS -- paquetages source |----> images -- images boot et ramdisk |----> dosutils -- installation des utilitaires pour DOS |----> README -- ce fichier |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- dernières informations concernant cette version | de Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- signature GPG pour les paquetages de Red Hat ============================================================================ INSTALLATION De nombreux ordinateurs peuvent maintenant démarrer automatiquement depuis les CD-ROM. Si c'est le cas de votre ordinateur (et qu'il est correctement configuré), vous pouvez démarrer le CD-ROM Red Hat Linux directement sans avoir recours à des disquettes d'amorçage. Après le démarrage, le programme d'installation Red Hat Linux commencera et vous pourrez installer votre système à partir du CD-ROM. Si votre ordinateur doit utiliser une disquette d'amorçage pour lancer le processus d'installation Red Hat Linux, vous devez utiliser au moins un fichier image pour créer les disquettes nécessaires. Vous pouvez trouver les fichiers images nécessaires dans le répertoire images. Ce répertoire contient les fichiers images suivants: - bootdisk.img - fichier image de la disquette d'amorçage primaire - drvblock.img - fichier image contenant les pilotes de périphériques blocs supplémentaires - drvnet.img - fichier image contenant les pilotes de réseau supplémentaires - pcmciadd.img - fichier image du lecteur PCMCIA Une disquette créée du fichier drvnet.img est nécessaire lorsque une méthode d'installation basée sur le réseau sera utilisée. Une disquette créée du fichier pcmciadd.img est nécessaire lorsque les périphériques PCMCIA (comme un lecteur de CD-ROM basé sur PCMCIA ou un adaptateur réseau) seront utilisés durant l'installation. Pour écrire ces fichiers images sur une disquette, utilisez le programme rawrite dans le répertoire dosutils, ou 'dd' sous tout système de type Linux. Ces programmes transféreront le contenu du fichier image sur une disquette. Lorsque les disquettes nécessaires sont créées, insérez la disquette d'amorçage et démarrez votre ordinateur. boot.iso est également présent dans le répertoire images. Ce fichier est une image ISO qui peut être utilisée pour lancer le programme d'installation Red Hat Linux. C'est un moyen pratique pour commencer des installations basées sur le réseau sans avoir à utiliser de multiples disquettes. Pour utiliser boot.iso, votre ordinateur doit pouvoir démarrer de son lecteur CD-ROM et ses paramètres BIOS doivent être configurés pour cela. Vous devez ensuite graver boot.iso sur un CD-ROM enregistrable/réinscriptible. ============================================================================ OBTENIR DE L'AIDE Si vous avez accès au Web, visitez http://www.redhat.com. Plus particulièrement, vous trouverez des informations sur l'inscription à nos listes de participants à l'adresse : http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists Si vous n'avez pas accès au Web, vous pouvez quand même vous inscrire à la liste de participants principale. Pour vous inscrire, envoyez un message électronique à Shrike-list-request@redhat.com en spécifiant subscribe dans la ligne objet. Vous pouvez laisser le corps de message vide. Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== Il contenuto del presente CD è protetto dal Copyright (C) 1995-2003 Red Hat, Inc. e altri. Per informazioni sulle condizioni di distribuzione, fate riferimento alle singole indicazioni relative ai copyright in ciascun pacchetto sorgente. Le condizioni di distribuzione degli strumenti protetti da copyright da parte di Red Hat, Inc. sono conformi a quanto riportato nel file COPYING. Red Hat e RPM sono marchi registrati di Red Hat, Inc. ============================================================================ ORGANIZZAZIONE DELLE DIRECTORY Red Hat Linux contiene sei CD-ROM (dal disco 1 al disco 6). Il disco 1 puó essere avviato in sistemi moderni, direttamente nel processo d'installazione, e contiene le seguenti strutture della directory (dove /mnt/cdrom é il mount point del CD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- pacchetti binari | `----> base -- informazioni sulla presente versione di Red | Hat Linux utilizzata dal processo di installazione |----> images -- immagini di avvio e del disco del driver |----> dosutils -- utility di installazione per DOS |----> COPYING -- informazioni sul copyright |----> README -- il presente file |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- le informazioni aggiornate su questa versione | di Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- firma GPG per pacchetti di Red Hat I dischi 2 e 3 sono simili al disco 1, eccetto la presenza della sottodirectory RedHat. La directory layout dei dischi 4, 5, e 6 sono di seguito riportate: /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- pacchetti sorgenti `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- firma GPG per pacchetti di Red Hat Se impostate un'immagine per le installazioni NFS, FTP o HTTP, e' necessario copiare tutto il contenuto dalla directory di RedHat dei dischi 1, 2 e 3. Nei sistemi Linux e Unix, il processo descritto di seguito configurera' in modo corretto la directory /target/directory sul server. 1) Inserite il disco 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory 5) umount /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linux é anche disponibile su DVD-ROM avviabili per sistemi compatibili. Il DVD-ROM contiene tutti i file d'installazione e i binari (i contenuti dei dischi CD-ROM 1, 2, e 3) insieme alle fonti "source" RPMS (dischi 4, 5 e 6) e possiede la seguente struttura della directory (dove /mnt/cdrom é il mount point del DVD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- pacchetti binari | `----> base -- informazioni su questa release |----> SRPMS -- pacchetti sorgenti |----> images -- immagini di avvio e del disco del driver |----> dosutils -- utility di installazione per DOS |----> README -- questo FILE |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- le informazioni aggiornate su questa | versione di Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- firma GPG per i pacchetti Red Hat ============================================================================ INSTALLAZIONE Molti computer possono eseguire l'avvio in modo automatico dai CD-ROM. Se avete una macchina di questo tipo (ed é configurata in modo corretto) potete avviare il CD-ROM di Red Hat Linux, senza usare i dischetti di avvio. Dopo l'avvio, si avvierá il programma d'installazione di Red Hat Linux, e sarete in grado di installare il vostro sistema dal CD-ROM. Se il vostro computer necessita di un dischetto di avvio per iniziare il processo Red Hat Linux d'installazione di Red Hat Linux, dovete allora usare uno o piú file di immagine per creare i dischetti necessari. Potete trovare i file di immagine necessari nella directory delle immagini. Questa directory contiene i seguenti file: - bootdisk.img - dischetto di avvio primario del file di immagine - drvblock.img - file di immagine contenente i driver supplementari del dispositivo a blocco - drvnet.img - file di immagine contenente driver supplementari di rete - pcmciadd.img - file di immagine del driver PCMCIA Per avviare tutte le installazioni, viene usato un dischetto creato dal file bootdisk.img, non importa quale metodo di installazione selezionate. In aggiunta, se state effettuando qualsiasi altra cosa diversa da una installazione da CD-ROM o da disco fisso, usando solo dispositivi IDE/ATAPI, avrete bisogno di creare uno o piú dischetti del driver usando uno o piú file di immagine del dischetto del driver. Un dischetto creato dal file drvblock.img é necessario quando il sistema contiene qualsiasi dispositivo non-IDE di memoria di massa "mass storage" (come ad esempio un disco SCSI o le unitá CD-ROM) che deve essere usato durante l'installazione. Un dischetto creato dal file drvnet.img é necessario quando deve essere usato un metodo di installazione basato su rete. É necessario un dischetto creato dal file pcmciadd.img quando i dispositivi PCMCIA (come ad esempio una unitá CD-ROM basata su di un PCMCIA o un adattatore di rete) devono essere usati durante l'installazione. Per scrivere un qualsiasi file di immagine su di un dischetto, usare il programma rawrite nella directory dosutils, o 'dd' sotto qualsiasi sistema Linux-like. Questi programmi trasferiranno i contenuti del file dell'immagine su di un dischetto. Una volta creati i dischetti necessari, inserire il dischetto di avvio e avviate la vostra macchina. Anche nella directory images/ vi é boot.iso. Questo file é una immagine ISO che puó essere usata per avviare il rpogramma d'installazione di Red Hat Linux. É una procedura molto pratica per iniziare le installazioni basate su rete senza usare dischetti multipli. Per usare boot.iso, il vostro computer deve essere in grado di avviarsi dalla propria unitá CD-ROM, e le proprie impostazioni BIOS devono essere configurate per fare ció. Dovete copiare boot.iso su di un CD-ROM copiabile/riscrivibile. ============================================================================ INFORMAZIONI UTILI Se e' disponibile un accesso Web, fate riferimento al sito Web http://www.redhat.com. L'accesso alle mailing list e' disponibile dal sito Web all'indirizzo: http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists Se non disponete di un accesso Web, potete comunque effettuare la sottoscrizione alla mailing list principale. Per effettuare la sottoscrizione, inviate un messaggio a Shrike-list-request@redhat.com con subscribe nel campo dell'oggetto. Il corpo del messaggio puo' essere lasciato vuoto. Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== ã“ã®CD-ROMã®åŽéŒ²å†…容ã¯Copyright (C) 1995-2003 Red Hat, Inc.ã¨ãã®ä»–㮠著作権ã«å¸°å±žã—ã¾ã™ã€‚ディストリビューションè¦å®šã«ã¤ã„ã¦ã¯å„ソースパッケージ内㮠ãã‚Œãžã‚Œã®è‘—作権を御覧ãã ã•ã„。Red Hat, Inc.ã®è‘—作権をæŒã¤ãƒ„ール㮠ディストリビューションè¦å®šã«ã¤ã„ã¦ã¯EULAファイルを御覧ãã ã•ã„。 Red Hatã¨RPM㯠Red Hat, Incã®ç™»éŒ²å•†æ¨™ã§ã™ã€‚ ============================================================================ ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªæ§‹æˆ Red Hat Linuxã¯6æžšã®CD-ROM(ディスク1ã‹ã‚‰ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯6ã¾ã§)ã«åŽéŒ²ã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚ ディスク1ã¯ã»ã¨ã‚“ã©ã®æœ€æ–°ã®ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ã§ã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«ã§ç›´æŽ¥ãƒ–ートã§ãるよã†ã« ãªã£ã¦ãŠã‚Šã€ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªæ§‹æˆã«ãªã£ã¦ã„ã¾ã™(/mnt/cdromã¯CD-ROM㮠マウントãƒã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒˆã§ã™)。 /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- ãƒã‚¤ãƒŠãƒªãƒ‘ッケージ | `----> base -- インストール時ã«ä½¿ç”¨ã™ã‚‹æœ¬ãƒªãƒªãƒ¼ã‚¹ã® Red Hat Linux情報 |----> images --ブートã¨ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã®ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ |----> dosutils --DOS用インストール ユティリティ |----> README -- 本ファイル |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- 本リリースRed Hat Linuxã®æœ€æ–°æƒ…å ± | `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hatã‹ã‚‰ã®ãƒ‘ッケージ用GPGç½²å ディスク2ã¨ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯3ã§ã¯ã€RedHatサブディレクトリã®ã¿ãŒå­˜åœ¨ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ä»¥å¤–ã¯ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯1ã¨åŒæ§˜ã§ã™ã€‚ ディスク4ã€ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯5ã€ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯6ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªæ§‹æˆã¯ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«ãªã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- ソースパッケージ `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hatã‹ã‚‰ã®ãƒ‘ッケージ用GPGç½²å ã‚‚ã— NFS, FTP, ã¾ãŸã¯ HTTPã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«ç”¨ãƒ„リーを設定ã™ã‚‹ã®ã§ã—ãŸã‚‰ãƒªãƒªãƒ¼ã‚¹ãƒŽãƒ¼ãƒˆã®ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã¨ ディスク1ã‹ã‚‰3ã¾ã§ã®å…¨ã¦ã® RedHatディレクトリをコピーã™ã‚‹å¿…è¦ãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚Linuxã¨Unixã®ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ã§ã¯ サーãƒä¸Šã§æ¬¡ã®ã‚ˆã†ãªæ“作をã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã«ã‚ˆã‚Š/target(目標)/directory(ディレクトリ)ã‚’é©åˆ‡ã«æ§‹ç¯‰ã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚ (ディスク毎ã«ç¹°ã‚Šè¿”ã—ã¾ã™) 1) ディスクを挿入ã—ã¾ã™ã€‚ 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory 5) umount /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linuxã¯äº’æ›ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ã§ã‚ã‚Œã°èµ·å‹•å¯èƒ½ãªDVD-ROMã§ã‚‚利用ã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚ DVD-ROMã«ã¯ã™ã¹ã¦ã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã¨ãƒã‚¤ãƒŠãƒª(CD-ROMディスク1ã‹ã‚‰3ã®å†…容) ãŒå«ã¾ã‚Œã¦ãŠã‚Šã€ã¾ãŸã€ã‚½ãƒ¼ã‚¹RPM(ディスク4ã‹ã‚‰6)ã‚‚å«ã¾ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚ ãã—ã¦ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªæ§‹æˆã«ãªã£ã¦ã„ã¾ã™(/mnt/cdromã¯DVD-ROM㮠マウントãƒã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒˆã§ã™)。 /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- ãƒã‚¤ãƒŠãƒª パッケージ | `----> base -- インストール時ã«ä½¿ç”¨ã•ã‚Œã‚‹æœ¬ãƒªãƒªãƒ¼ã‚¹ã® | Red Hat Linux 情報 |----> SRPMS -- ソース パッケージ |----> images -- ブートã¨ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã®ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ |----> dosutils -- DOS用インストール ユーティリティ |----> README -- 本ファイル |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- 本リリースRed Hat Linuxã®æœ€æ–°æƒ…å ± | `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hatã‹ã‚‰ã®ãƒ‘ッケージ用GPGç½²å ============================================================================ インストール 最近ã¯å¤šãã®ã‚³ãƒ³ãƒ”ュータãŒCD-ROMã‹ã‚‰è‡ªå‹•çš„ã«ãƒ–ートã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚ãã®ã‚ˆã†ãªãƒžã‚·ãƒ³ã‚’ ã”使用ã®å ´åˆã¯(é©åˆ‡ã«è¨­å®šã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‚‹ã“ã¨ï¼‰ã€ãƒ–ートディスクを使用ã›ãšã«Red Hat Linux CD-ROMを直接ブートã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚ブートã—ãŸå¾Œã«ã€Red Hat Linuxインストールプログラム㌠スタートã—ã¦ã€CD-ROMã‹ã‚‰ã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ ã‚’インストールã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚ ã”使用ã®ã‚³ãƒ³ãƒ”ュータã§ã¯Red Hat Linuxインストールプロセスをスタートã™ã‚‹ã®ã« ブートディスクを使用ã—ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚‰ãªã„å ´åˆã€å¿…è¦ã¨ãªã‚‹ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã‚’作æˆã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã« ã²ã¨ã¤ä»¥ä¸Šã®ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚’使用ã™ã‚‹å¿…è¦ãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚å¿…è¦ã¨ãªã‚‹ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ« ã¯ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªã«ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ã“ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ãƒ¬ã‚¯ãƒˆãƒªã«ã¯ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ« ãŒå«ã¾ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚ - bootdisk.img - プライマリブートディスクã®ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ« - drvblock.img - 補助ブロックデãƒã‚¤ã‚¹ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒã‚’å«ã‚€ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ« - drvnet.img - 補助ãƒãƒƒãƒˆãƒ¯ãƒ¼ã‚¯ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒã‚’å«ã‚€ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ« - pcmciadd.img - PCMCIAドライãƒã®ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ« bootdisk.imgファイルã‹ã‚‰ä½œæˆã—ãŸãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã¯ã€é¸æŠžã™ã‚‹ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«æ–¹æ³•ã« 関係ãªãã€ã™ã¹ã¦ã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«ã«ä½¿ç”¨ã•ã‚Œã¾ã™ã€‚ 加ãˆã¦ã€IDE/ATAPIã®ã¿ã‚’使用ã—ã¦ã®CD-ROMã¾ãŸã¯ãƒãƒ¼ãƒ‰ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ« 以外ã®ã„ãšã‚Œã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«ã‚’実行ã™ã‚‹å ´åˆã‚‚ã€ã²ã¨ã¤ä»¥ä¸Šã®ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã® イメージファイルを使用ã—ã¦ã²ã¨ã¤ä»¥ä¸Šã®ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã‚¤ãƒãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã‚’作æˆã™ã‚‹å¿…è¦ãŒ ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ drvblock.imgファイルã‹ã‚‰ä½œæˆã—ãŸãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã¯ã€ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«ä¸­ã«ä½¿ç”¨ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ IDEã§ã¯ãªã„大容é‡ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¬ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ‡ãƒã‚¤ã‚¹(SCSIディスクã€CD-ROMドライブãªã©)ã‚’ システムãŒè£…å‚™ã™ã‚‹ã¨ãã«å¿…è¦ã«ãªã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ drvnet.imgファイルã‹ã‚‰ä½œæˆã—ãŸãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã¯ã€ãƒãƒƒãƒˆãƒ¯ãƒ¼ã‚¯ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ« 方法を使用ã™ã‚‹ã¨ãã«å¿…è¦ã«ãªã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ pcmciadd.imgファイルã‹ã‚‰ä½œæˆã—ãŸãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã¯ã€ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«ä¸­ã«PCMCIA デãƒã‚¤ã‚¹(PCMCIAベースã®CD-ROMドライブã€ãƒãƒƒãƒˆãƒ¯ãƒ¼ã‚¯ã‚¢ãƒ€ãƒ—ã‚¿ãªã©)ã‚’ 使用ã™ã‚‹ã¨ãã«å¿…è¦ã«ãªã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ ã„ãšã‚Œã®ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã‚’ディスクã¸æ›¸ã込む場åˆã‚‚ã€dosutilsディレクトリ ã«ã‚ã‚‹rawriteプログラムã¾ãŸã¯Linux系システムã«ã‚ã‚‹'dd'ã®ã„ãšã‚Œã‹ã‚’使用 ã—ã¾ã™ã€‚ã“れらã®ãƒ—ログラムã¯ã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ã‚¸ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã®ã‚³ãƒ³ãƒ†ãƒ³ãƒ„をディスクã¸è»¢é€ ã—ã¾ã™ã€‚å¿…è¦ãªãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã‚’作æˆã—ãŸã‚‰ã€ãƒ–ートディスクを挿入ã—ã¦ãƒžã‚·ãƒ³ã‚’ ブートã—ã¾ã™ã€‚ ã¾ãŸã€boot.iso㯠images/ ディレクトリã«ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ã“ã®ãƒ•ã‚¡ã‚¤ãƒ«ã¯ISOイメージ ã§ã€Red Hat Linuxインストールプログラムをブートã™ã‚‹ã®ã«ä½¿ç”¨ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒ ã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚複数ã®ãƒ‡ã‚£ã‚¹ã‚¯ã‚’使用ã›ãšã«ãƒãƒƒãƒˆãƒ¯ãƒ¼ã‚¯ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ã®ã‚¤ãƒ³ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ¼ãƒ«ã‚’ 開始ã™ã‚‹ä¾¿åˆ©ãªæ–¹æ³•ã§ã™ã€‚boot.isoを使用ã™ã‚‹ã«ã¯ã€ã”使用ã®ã‚³ãƒ³ãƒ”ュータ㌠CD-ROMドライブã‹ã‚‰ãƒ–ートå¯èƒ½ã§ãã®ã‚ˆã†ã«BIOSãŒè¨­å®šã•ã‚Œã¦ã„ãªã‘ã‚Œã°ãªã‚Šã¾ã›ã‚“。 ãã‚Œã‹ã‚‰ã€boot.isoã‚’CD-R(レコーダブル）ã¾ãŸã¯CD-RW(リライタブル)ã«ç„¼ã付ã‘ã‚‹ å¿…è¦ãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ ============================================================================ ヘルプを得るã«ã¯ webã¸ã®ã‚¢ã‚¯ã‚»ã‚¹ã‚’ãŠæŒã¡ã®æ–¹ã¯http://www.redhat.comを御覧ãã ã•ã„。特ã«ã€ ç§ä¾›ã®ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒªã‚¹ãƒˆã¸ã®ã‚¢ã‚¯ã‚»ã‚¹ã¯ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ã‚µã‚¤ãƒˆã«ã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists webã¸ã®ã‚¢ã‚¯ã‚»ã‚¹ã‚’ãŠæŒã¡ã§ãªã„方もメインメーリングリストを購読ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ãŒã§ãã¾ã™ã€‚ 購読ã™ã‚‹ã«ã¯Shrike-list-request@redhat.comã«ãƒ¡ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã‚’é€ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ subscribe ã¨é¡Œåã«è¨˜å…¥ã—ã¦æœ¬æ–‡ãªã—ã§é€ä¿¡ã—ã¦ãã ã•ã„ Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== The contents of this CD-ROM are Copyright (C) 1995-2003 Red Hat, Inc. and others. Please see the individual copyright notices in each source package for distribution terms. The distribution terms of the tools copyrighted by Red Hat, Inc. are as noted in the file EULA. Red Hat and RPM are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. ============================================================================ 디렉토리 구조 Red Hat Linux는 6 ìž¥ì˜ (ë””ìŠ¤í¬ 1 부터 6 까지) CDë¡œ ì´ë£¨ì–´ì ¸ 있습니다. ë””ìŠ¤í¬ 1ì„ ì‚¬ìš©í•˜ì—¬ ê±°ì˜ ëª¨ë“  시스템 ìƒì—ì„œ 설치 프로그램으로 ì§ì ‘ 부팅 í•  수 있으며, 다ìŒê³¼ ê°™ì€ ë””ë ‰í† ë¦¬ 구조가 í¬í•¨ë˜ì–´ 있습니다 (/mnt/cdromì€ CD-ROMì˜ ë§ˆ 운트 지ì ì„ ì˜ë¯¸í•©ë‹ˆë‹¤): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- ë°”ì´ë„ˆë¦¬ 패키지들 | `----> base -- 설치와 ê´€ë ¨ëœ ì´ë²ˆ ë²„ì „ì˜ Red Hat Linuxì˜ ê´€ë ¨ ìžë£Œ |----> images -- 부팅 ì´ë¯¸ì§€ì™€ ë“œë¼ì´ë²„ ë””ìŠ¤í¬ ì´ë¯¸ì§€ë“¤ |----> dosutils -- DOSì—ì„œ 사용ë˜ëŠ” 설치 유틸리티들 |----> README -- 본 íŒŒì¼ |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- ì´ë²ˆ Red Hat Linux 출시와 ê´€ë ¨ëœ ìµœì‹  ì •ë³´ `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hat íŒ¨í‚¤ì§€ì— ì‚¬ìš©ë˜ëŠ” GPG 서명 ë””ìŠ¤í¬ 2와 3ë„ ë””ìŠ¤í¬ 1ê³¼ 비슷합니다. 단지 RedHat 하부 디렉토리가 존재한다는 ì°¨ì´ì ì´ 있습니다. ë””ìŠ¤í¬ 4, 5, 6ì˜ ë””ë ‰í† ë¦¬ 배치는 다ìŒê³¼ 같습니다: /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- 소스 패키지들 `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hat íŒ¨í‚¤ì§€ì— ì‚¬ìš©ë˜ëŠ” GPG 서명 ë§Œì¼ NFS, FTP í˜¹ì€ HTTP ì„¤ì¹˜ì— ì‚¬ìš©ë  ì„¤ì¹˜ 트리를 설정하신다면, ë””ìŠ¤í¬ 1ì—ì„œ 3까지 Red Hat ë””ë ‰í† ë¦¬ì— ë“¤ì–´ìžˆëŠ” RELEASE-NOTES 파ì¼ê³¼ ê·¸ 외 모든 파ì¼ë“¤ì„ 복사하셔야 합니다. 리눅스나 유닉스 시스템ì—는 다ìŒê³¼ ê°™ì€ ë°©ë²•ìœ¼ë¡œ 서버 ìƒì— /target/directory를 설치할것 입니다 (ê° ë””ìŠ¤í¬ì—ì„œ ë‹¤ìŒ ê³¼ì •ì„ ë°˜ë³µí•´ 주십시오): 1) 디스í¬ë¥¼ 넣습니다 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory 5) umount /mnt/cdrom DVD-ROM 호환 가능한 시스템ì—서는, 부팅 DVD-ROMì„ ì‚¬ìš©í•˜ì—¬ Red Hat Linux를 설치하실 수 있습니다.DVD-ROMì—는 (CD-ROM ë””ìŠ¤í¬ 1, 2, 3ì— í¬í•¨ëœ) 모든 설치 파ì¼ê³¼ ë°”ì´ë„ˆë¦¬ 파ì¼ì„ 비롯하여 (ë””ìŠ¤í¬ 4, 5, 6ì— í¬í•¨ëœ) 소스 RPMS ë˜í•œ í¬í•¨ë˜ì–´ 있습니다. DVD-ROMì˜ ë””ë ‰í† ë¦¬ 배치는 다ìŒê³¼ 같습니다 (/mnt/cdromì€ DVD-ROMì˜ ë§ˆìš´íŠ¸ 지ì ì„ ì˜ë¯¸í•©ë‹ˆë‹¤): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- ë°”ì´ë„ˆë¦¬ 패키지들 | `----> base -- 설치와 ê´€ë ¨ëœ ì´ë²ˆ ë²„ì „ì˜ Red Hat | Linuxì˜ ê´€ë ¨ ìžë£Œ |----> SRPMS -- 소스 패키지들 |----> images -- 부트 ì´ë¯¸ì§€ì™€ ramdisk ì´ë¯¸ì§€ë“¤ |----> dosutils -- DOSì—ì„œ 사용ë˜ëŠ” 설치 유틸리티들 |----> README -- 본 íŒŒì¼ |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- ì´ë²ˆ Red Hat Linux 출시와 ê´€ë ¨ëœ ìµœì‹  ì •ë³´ | `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hat íŒ¨í‚¤ì§€ì— ì‚¬ìš©ë˜ëŠ” GPG 서명 ============================================================================ 설치하기 ëŒ€ë¶€ë¶„ì˜ ìµœì‹  ì»´í“¨í„°ë“¤ì€ CD-ROMì—ì„œ ìžë™ì ìœ¼ë¡œ 부팅할 것입니다. CD-ROM 부팅 가능한 컴퓨터를 가지고 계시다면 CD-ROM 부팅 가능한 컴퓨터를 가지고 계시다면 (그리고 ê·¸ 컴퓨터가 CDROMì—ì„œ 부팅하ë„ë¡ ì ì ˆížˆ 설정ë˜ì–´ 있다면), 부팅 ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì„ ì‚¬ìš©í•˜ì§€ ì•Šê³  Red Hat Linux CD-ROMì„ ë°”ë¡œ 부팅하십시오. 부팅 후, Red Hat Linux 설치 í”„ë¡œê·¸ëž¨ì´ ì‹œìž‘ë˜ë©´, CD-ROMì„ ì‚¬ìš©í•˜ì—¬ ì‹œìŠ¤í…œì„ ì„¤ì¹˜í•˜ì‹¤ 수 있습니다. ë§Œì¼ ë¶€íŒ… ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì„ ì‚¬ìš©í•´ì•¼ë§Œ Red Hat Linux 설치 ê³¼ì •ì„ ì‹œìž‘í•  수 있는 경우ì—는, í•œ ê°œ ì´ìƒì˜ ì´ë¯¸ì§€ 파ì¼ì„ 사용하여 필요한 ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì„ ë§Œë“œì…”ì•¼ 합니다. images 디렉토리ì—ì„œ 필요한 ì´ë¯¸ì§€ 파ì¼ë“¤ì„ 찾으실 수 있습니다. ì´ ë””ë ‰í† ë¦¬ì—는 다ìŒê³¼ ê°™ì€ ì´ë¯¸ì§€ 파ì¼ë“¤ì´ í¬í•¨ë˜ì–´ 있습니다: - bootdisk.img - 주 부팅 디스켓 ì´ë¯¸ì§€ íŒŒì¼ - drvblock.img - 추가 장치 ë“œë¼ì´ë²„를 í¬í•¨í•œ ì´ë¯¸ì§€ íŒŒì¼ - drvnet.img - 추가 ë„¤íŠ¸ì›Œí¬ ë“œë¼ì´ë²„를 í¬í•¨í•œ ì´ë¯¸ì§€ íŒŒì¼ - pcmciadd.img - PCMCIA ë“œë¼ì´ë²„ ì´ë¯¸ì§€ íŒŒì¼ bookdisk.img 파ì¼ì„ 사용하여 만들어진 ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì€ ëª¨ë“  설치 ë°©ì‹ì—ì„œ 설치를 ë¶€íŒ…í•˜ëŠ”ë° ì‚¬ìš©ë©ë‹ˆë‹¤. 추가로, CD-ROMì´ë‚˜ IDE/ATAPI 장치만 사용하는 하드 ë””ìŠ¤í¬ ì„¤ì¹˜ê°€ ì•„ë‹Œ 다른 설치 ë°©ì‹ì„ 수행하신다면, í•œ ê°œ ì´ìƒì˜ ë“œë¼ì´ë²„ 디스켓 ì´ë¯¸ 지 파ì¼ì„ 사용하여 í•œ ê°œ ì´ìƒì˜ ë“œë¼ì´ë²„ ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì„ ë§Œë“œì…”ì•¼ 합니다. IDEê°€ ì•„ë‹Œ 대용량 저장 장치 (예, SCSI 디스í¬ë‚˜ CD-ROM 장치)를 í¬í•¨í•œ 시스템ì—서는 drvblock.img íŒŒì¼ ì‚¬ìš©í•˜ì—¬ ìƒì„±ëœ ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì´ í•„ 요합니다. ì´ ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì€ ì„¤ì¹˜ 과정ì—ì„œ 사용ë©ë‹ˆë‹¤. ë„¤íŠ¸ì›Œí¬ ê¸°ë°˜ 설치 ë°©ì‹ì„ 사용하시는 경우ì—는 drvnet.img 파ì¼ì„ 사용하여 ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì„ ë§Œë“œì…”ì•¼ 합니다. 설치 과정ì—ì„œ PCMCIA 장치 (예, PCMCIA 기반 CD-ROM ë“œë¼ì´ë¸Œ ë˜ëŠ” ë„¤íŠ¸ì›Œí¬ ì–´ëŒ‘í„°)ê°€ 사용ëœë‹¤ë©´, Pcmciadd.img 파ì¼ì„ 사용하여 ìƒì„±í•œ ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì´ í•„ìš”í•©ë‹ˆë‹¤. ì´ëŸ¬í•œ ì´ë¯¸ì§€ 파ì¼ë“¤ì„ ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì— ê¸°ë¡í•˜ì‹œë ¤ë©´, dosutils 디렉토리ì—ì„œ rawrite í”„ë¡œê·¸ëž¨ì„ ì‚¬ìš©í•˜ì‹œê±°ë‚˜, ë˜ëŠ” 리눅스 유사 시스템ì—ì„œ 'dd' ëª…ë ¹ì„ ì‚¬ìš©í•˜ì‹œë©´ ë©ë‹ˆë‹¤. ì´ í”„ë¡œê·¸ëž¨ë“¤ì€ ì´ë¯¸ì§€ 파ì¼ì˜ ë‚´ìš©ì„ ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ìœ¼ë¡œ 전달합니다. 필요한 ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì´ ë§Œë“¤ì–´ì§€ë©´, 부팅 ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì„ ì‚½ìž…í•˜ì‹  후 컴퓨터를 부팅하십시오. ë˜í•œ images/ 디랙토리ì—는 boot.iso 파ì¼ì´ 있습니다. ì´ íŒŒì¼ì€ ISO ì´ë¯¸ì§€ë¡œì„œ Red Hat Linux 설치 í”„ë¡œê·¸ëž¨ì„ ë¶€íŒ…í•˜ëŠ”ë° ì‚¬ìš©ë©ë‹ˆë‹¤. 여러 ê°œì˜ ë””ìŠ¤ì¼“ì„ ì‚¬ìš©í•  필요없ì´, ì´ íŒŒì¼ì„ 사용하여 ì†ì‰½ê²Œ ë„¤íŠ¸ì›Œí¬ ê¸°ë°˜ 설치를 시작할 수 있습니다. boot.iso를 사용하시려면, CD-ROM ë“œë¼ì´ë¸Œì—ì„œ 부팅 가능한 컴퓨터가 있어야 하며, BIOS ì…‹íŒ…ì„ CD-ROM 부팅 가능하ë„ë¡ ì„¤ì •í•˜ì…”ì•¼ 합니다. ê·¸ 후 boot.iso 파ì¼ì„ CD-ROM (recordable/rewriteable)ì— êµ¬ìš°ì‹­ì‹œì˜¤. ============================================================================ ë„움 받기 웹 ì‚¬ìš©ì´ ê°€ëŠ¥í•˜ì‹  분ì€, http://www.redhat.com 사ì´íŠ¸ë¥¼ 방문하시기 ë°”ëžë‹ˆë‹¤. 특히 ë©”ì¼ë§ 리스트는 ë‹¤ìŒ ì‚¬ì´íŠ¸ì—ì„œ 찾으실 수 있습니다: http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists ë§Œì¼ ì›¹ 액세스가 ì—†ìœ¼ì…”ë„ ë©”ì¼ë§ ë¦¬ìŠ¤íŠ¸ì— ê°€ìž…í•˜ì‹¤ 수 있습니다. 가입하시려면, ì´ë©”ì¼ì„ Shrike-list-request@redhat.com 주소로 subscribe ì´ë¼ ì œëª©ì„ ì“°ì‹  후 보내주십시오. ë‚´ìš©ì€ ì—†ì–´ë„ ë©ë‹ˆë‹¤. Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== The contents of this CD-ROM are Copyright (C) 1995-2002 Red Hat, Inc. and others. Please see the individual copyright notices in each source package for distribution terms. The distribution terms of the tools copyrighted by Red Hat, Inc. are as noted in the file EULA. Red Hat and RPM are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. ============================================================================ DIRECTORY ORGANIZATION Red Hat Linux is delivered on six CDROMs (disc 1 through disc 6). Disc 1 can be directly booted into the installation on most modern systems, and contains the following directory structure (where /mnt/cdrom is the mount point of the CD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- binary packages | `----> base -- information on this release of Red Hat | Linux used by the installation process |----> images -- boot and ramdisk images |----> dosutils -- installation utilities for DOS |----> README -- this file |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- the latest information about this release | of Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- GPG signature for packages from Red Hat Discs 2 and 3 are similar to disc 1, except that only the RedHat subdirectory is present. The directory layout of discs 4, 5, and 6 are as follows: /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- source packages `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- GPG signature for packages from Red Hat If you are setting up an installation tree for NFS, FTP, or HTTP installations, you need to copy the RELEASE-NOTES files and all files from the RedHat directory on discs 1-3. On Linux and Unix systems, the following process will properly configure the /target/directory on your server (repeat for each disc): 1) Insert disc 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory 5) umount /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linux is also available on a bootable DVD-ROM for compatible systems. The DVD-ROM contains all installation files and binaries (the contents of CD-ROM discs 1, 2, and 3) as well as source RPMS (discs 4, 5 and 6) and has the following directory structure (where /mnt/cdrom is the mount point of the DVD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- binary packages | `----> base -- information on this release of Red Hat | Linux used by the installation process |----> SRPMS -- source packages |----> images -- boot and ramdisk images |----> dosutils -- installation utilities for DOS |----> README -- this file |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- the latest information about this release | of Red Hat Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- GPG signature for packages from Red Hat ============================================================================ INSTALLING There are different boot images for booting your system; you will need one of them to boot your system into the Red Hat installation and upgrade program. For CDROM and hard drive installs, use the boot.img file. NFS, FTP, and HTTP installations requires the bootnet.img image. Installs through PCMCIA adapters (such as for PCMCIA-based CDROMs or network cards) need the pcmcia.img file. These image files may be found in the images directory on disc1. Many systems will require additional device drivers that are not available on the boot floppy. The images directory contains a drivers.img file which contains many extra drivers. Put its contents onto a floppy before beginning the installation process, and follow the on-screen instructions. To make a floppy disk from any of these images, use either the rawrite program in the dosutils directory or 'dd' under any Linux-like system. These programs will transfer the image to physical floppies. Once the floppy has been created, insert the boot floppy and boot your machine. Many computers can now automatically boot from CDROMs. If you have such a machine (and it is properly configured) you can boot the Red Hat Linux CDROM directly without using any boot disks. After booting, you'll be able to install your system from the CDROM. Note that booting from a CDROM is equivalent to booting from the boot.img file; additional drivers may still be required. ============================================================================ GETTING HELP For those that have web access, see http://www.redhat.com. In particular, access to our mailing lists can be found at: http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists If you don't have web access you can still subscribe to the main mailing list. To subscribe, send mail to Shrike-list-request@redhat.com with subscribe in the subject line. You can leave the body empty. Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== O conteúdo deste CD-ROM está protegido pelos direitos autorais Copyright (C) 1995-2003 Red Hat, Inc. e outros. Por favor veja os avisos de direitos autorais individuais em cada pacote para normas de distribuição. As normas de distribuição das ferramentas protegidas por direitos autorais da Red Hat, Inc. estão descritas no arquivo EULA. Red Hat e RPM são marcas da Red Hat, Inc. ============================================================================ ORGANIZAÇÃO DOS DIRETÓRIOS Red Hat Linux é distribuído em seis CD-ROMs (discos 1 a 6). O disco 1 pode ser iniciado no momento da instalação na maioria dos sistemas modernos e contém a seguinte estrutura de diretórios (na qual /mnt/cdrom é o ponto de montagem do CD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- pacotes binários | `----> base -- informações sobre esta versão do Red Hat | Linux usada pelo processo de instalação |----> images -- imagens boot e disco de driver |----> dosutils -- utilitários de instalação para o DOS |----> README -- este arquivo |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- as últimas informações sobre esta versão do Red Hat | Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- assinatura GPG para pacotes da Red Hat Os discos 2 e 3 são parecidos com o disco 1, exceto pelo fato de apenas o sub-diretório RedHat estar presente. A disposição dos diretórios nos discos 4, 5 e 6 são as seguintes: /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- pacotes fonte `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- assinatura GPG para pacotes da Red Hat Se você está definindo uma árvore de instalação para instalações do tipo NFS, FTP ou HTTP, é necessário copiar os arquivos das NOTAS-DA-VERSÃO e todos os arquivos do diretório RedHat dos discos 1 a 3. Em sistemas Linux e Unix, o seguinte processo configurará apropriadamente o diretório-alvo em seu servidor (repita-o para cada disco): 1) Insira o disco 2) monte /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat diretório-alvo 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* diretório-alvo 5) desmonte /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linux também está disponível em DVD-ROM iniciável para sistemas compatíveis. O DVD-ROM contém todos os arquivos de instalação e binários (o conteúdo dos discos 1, 2 e 3) assim como os RPMS fonte (discos 4, 5 e 6) e tem a seguinte estrutura de diretório (na qual /mnt/cdrom é o ponto de montagem do DVD-ROM): /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- pacotes binários | `----> base -- informações sobre esta versão do Red Hat | Linux usada pelo processo de instalação |----> SRPMS -- pacotes fonte |----> images -- imagens boot e disco de driver |----> dosutils -- utilitários de instalação para o DOS |----> README -- este arquivo |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- as últimas informações sobre esta versão do Red Hat | Linux `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- assinatura GPG para pacotes da Red Hat ============================================================================ INSTALANDO Muitos computadores podem, atualmente, iniciar automaticamente a partir de CD-ROMs. Se você tiver uma máquina como esta (e estiver configurada apropriadamente), poderá iniciar o CD-ROM do Red Hat Linux diretamente sem usar nenhum disquete boot. Após iniciar sua máquina, o programa de instalação do Red Hat Linux começará e você poderá instalar seu sistema pelo CD-ROM. Se o seu computador precisar usar um disquete boot para começar o processo de instalação do Red Hat Linux, você deverá usar um ou mais arquivos de imagem para criar os disquetes necessários. Você pode encontar os arquivos de imagem necessários no diretório 'images'. Este diretório contém os seguintes arquivos: - bootdisk.img - arquivo de imagem do disquete boot primário - drvblock.img - arquivo de imagem contendo drivers de dispositivos block suplementares - drvnet.img - arquivo de imagem contendo drivers de rede suplementares - pcmciadd.img - arquivo de imagem do driver PCMCIA Um disquete criado a partir do arquivo bootdisk.img é usado para iniciar todas as instalações, independentemente do método de instalação selecionado. Além deste, caso você esteja executando uma instalação que não pelo CD-ROM ou pelo disco rígido usando somente dispositivos IDE/ATAPI, também precisará criar um ou mais disquetes de driver usando um ou mais dos arquivos de imagem de disquete de driver. É necessário criar um disquete a partir do arquivo drvblock.img quando o sistema não conter nenhum dispositivo de armazenamento em massa não-IDE (tais como um disco SCSI ou drives de CD-ROM) que devem ser usados durante a instalação. É necessário criar um disquete a partir do arquivo drvnet.img quando for utilizar um método de instalação baseado em rede. É necessário criar um disquete a partir do arquivo pcmciadd.img quando for utilizar dispositivos PCMCIA (tais como um drive de CD-ROM baseado em PCMCIA ou um adaptador de rede) durante a instalação. Para salvar qualquer um destes arquivos de imagem em um disquete, use o programa rawrite no diretório dosutils ou o comando 'dd' sob qualquer sistema semelhante ao Linux. Estes programas transferirão o conteúdo do arquivo de imagem para um disquete. Após criar os disquetes necessários, insira o disquete boot e inicie sua máquina. O arquivo boot.iso também está no diretório 'images'. Este arquivo é uma imagem ISO que pode ser usada para iniciar o programa de instalação do Red Hat Linux. Esta é uma maneira prática de iniciar instalações em rede sem precisar usar vários disquetes. Para usar boot.iso, seu computador deve ser capaz de inciar a partir do drive de CD-ROM e a configuração do BIOS deve estar definida para tal. Em seguida você deve gravar boot.iso em um CD-ROM regravável (rewritable). ============================================================================ OBTENDO AJUDA Se você tiver acesso à web, visite http://www.redhat.com. Confira nossa lista de discussão em: http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists Caso você não possa navegar na web mas tiver um endereço de e-mail, poderá assinar a lista de discussão principal. Para assinar, envie um e-mail para Shrike-list-request@redhat.com com subscribe no campo de assunto. Você pode deixar o corpo da mensagem em branco. Red Hat Linux/x86 9 (Shrike) ==================================== 本光盘的内容版æƒå½’ (C) 1995-2003 Red Hat, Inc . 和其他方所有。 å‘è¡Œæ¡ä»¶è¯·å‚è§æ¯ä¸€æºç¨‹åºè½¯ä»¶åŒ…内分列的版æƒé€šçŸ¥ã€‚在文件 EULA 中还列出了 Red Hat, Inc. 拥有版æƒçš„工具的å‘è¡Œæ¡ä»¶ã€‚ Red Hat å’Œ RPM 是 Red Hat, Inc.的商标。 ============================================================================ 目录组织 Red Hat Linux 分布于六张光盘上 (光盘1 到光盘6)。光盘1 å¯åœ¨å¤šæ•°çŽ°ä»£ç³»ç»Ÿ 上直接引导安装程åºã€‚它包å«ä»¥ä¸‹ç›®å½•ç»“构（这里的 /mnt/cdrom 是光盘的挂载点）： /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- 二进制软件包 | `----> base -- 被安装进程使用的关于本版 | Red Hat Linux çš„ä¿¡æ¯ |----> images -- 引导和驱动程åºæ˜ åƒ |----> dosutils -- 用于 DOS 环境的安装工具 |----> README -- 此文件 |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- 关于本版 Red Hat Linux çš„æœ€æ–°ä¿¡æ¯ `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hat 软件包的 GPG ç­¾å 光盘 2 和光盘 3 与光盘 1 相似，ä¸è¿‡è¿™ä¸¤ä¸ªå…‰ç›˜ä¸Šåªæœ‰ RedHat å­ç›®å½•ã€‚ 光盘 4ã€5ã€6 的目录布局如下： /mnt/cdrom |----> SRPMS -- æºç¨‹åºè½¯ä»¶åŒ… `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hat 软件包的 GPG ç­¾å 如果你è¦ä¸º NFSã€FTPã€æˆ– HTTP 安装建立安装树，你需è¦æŠŠ RELEASE-NOTES 文件光盘1 到光盘3 中的 RedHat 目录下的文件å¤åˆ¶ä¸‹æ¥ã€‚在 Linux å’Œ UNIX å’Œ 所有系统中，下列步骤将会在你的æœåŠ¡å™¨å†…正确é…ç½® /target/directory（在æ¯å¼  光盘上é‡å¤è¿™äº›æ­¥éª¤ï¼‰ï¼š 1) æ’入光盘 2) mount /mnt/cdrom 3) cp -a /mnt/cdrom/RedHat /target/directory 4) cp /mnt/cdrom/RELEASE-NOTES* /target/directory 5) umount /mnt/cdrom Red Hat Linux 还在兼容系统的å¯å¼•å¯¼ DVD-ROM 上æ供。 DVD-ROM 包å«æ‰€æœ‰çš„安装文件和二进制（光盘1ã€2ã€3 的内容） 以åŠæºç  RPMS（光盘4ã€5ã€6），其目录结构如下（/mnt/cdrom 是 DVD-ROM 的挂载点）： /mnt/cdrom |----> RedHat | |----> RPMS -- 二进制软件包 | `----> base -- 被安装进程使用的关于本版 | Red Hat Linux çš„ä¿¡æ¯ |----> SRPMS -- æºç è½¯ä»¶åŒ… |----> images -- 引导和驱动程åºæ˜ åƒ |----> dosutils --用于 DOS 的安装工具 |----> README -- 此文件 |----> RELEASE-NOTES -- 关于本版 Red Hat Linux çš„æœ€æ–°ä¿¡æ¯ `----> RPM-GPG-KEY -- Red Hat 软件包的 GPG ç­¾å ============================================================================ 进行安装 许多计算机能够自动从光盘中引导。如果你的机器是这样的计算机 （并被正确é…置），你å¯ä»¥ä¸å¿…使用引导软盘æ¥å¼•å¯¼ Red Hat Linux 光盘。引导åŽï¼ŒRed Hat Linux 安装程åºå°±ä¼šå¼€å§‹ï¼Œä½ å°±èƒ½å¤Ÿä»Žå…‰ç›˜ 中安装你的系统。 如果你的计算机必须使用引导软盘æ¥å¯åŠ¨ Red Hat Linux 安装 进程，你必须使用一个或多个映åƒæ–‡ä»¶æ¥åˆ›å»ºå¿…è¦çš„软盘。你 å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ˜ åƒç›®å½•ä¸­æ‰¾åˆ°å¿…è¦çš„映åƒã€‚该目录包å«ä»¥ä¸‹æ˜ åƒæ–‡ä»¶ï¼š - bootdisk.img - 首è¦å¼•å¯¼è½¯ç›˜æ˜ åƒæ–‡ä»¶ - drvblock.img - 包å«é™„加å—设备驱动程åºçš„映åƒæ–‡ä»¶ - drvnet.img - 包å«é™„加网络驱动程åºçš„映åƒæ–‡ä»¶ - pcmciadd.img - PCMCIA 驱动程åºæ˜ åƒæ–‡ä»¶ æ ¹æ® bootdisk.img 文件创建的软盘被用æ¥å¼•å¯¼æ‰€æœ‰å®‰è£…，ä¸ç®¡ 你选择的是哪一ç§å®‰è£…方法。 此外，如果你执行的ä¸æ˜¯å…‰ç›˜æˆ–硬盘安装，仅使用 IDE/ATAPI 设备，你还需è¦ä½¿ç”¨ä¸€ä¸ªæˆ–多个驱动程åºç›˜æ˜ åƒæ–‡ä»¶æ¥åˆ›å»ºä¸€ 个或多个驱动程åºç›˜ã€‚ 当系统包å«éž IDE 大型贮存设备（如 SCSI ç£ç›˜æˆ–光盘驱动器）， 你就需è¦æ ¹æ® drvblock.img æ¥åˆ›å»ºä¸€ä¸ªè½¯ç›˜ä»¥ä¾¿åœ¨å®‰è£…中使用。 当你使用基于网络的方法时，你需è¦æ ¹æ® drvnet.img æ–‡ä»¶æ¥ åˆ›å»ºä¸€ä¸ªè½¯ç›˜ã€‚ 当你在安装中使用了 PCMCIA 设备（如基于 PCMCIA 的光盘驱动 器或网络适é…å¡ï¼‰æ—¶ï¼Œä½ éœ€è¦æ ¹æ® pcmciadd.img 文件æ¥åˆ›å»ºä¸€ä¸ª 软盘。 è¦æŠŠè¿™äº›æ˜ åƒæ–‡ä»¶å†™å…¥è½¯ç›˜ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨ dosutils 目录中的 rawrite 程åºï¼Œ 或在任何类似 Liunx 的系统中使用“ddâ€å‘½ä»¤ã€‚两者å‡ä¼šå°†æ˜ åƒä¼ è¾“ 到软盘。当必è¦çš„软盘制作完毕，æ’入该软盘，然åŽå¼•å¯¼ä½ çš„机器。 在 images/ 目录中还有 boot.iso。该文件是用æ¥å¼•å¯¼ Red Hat Linux 安装程åºçš„ ISO 映åƒã€‚这是一ç§éžå¸¸æ–¹ä¾¿çš„å¯åŠ¨åŸºäºŽç½‘络的安装的 方法，它ä¸å¿…使用多个软盘。è¦ä½¿ç”¨ boot.iso，你的计算机必须能 够从光盘驱动器中引导，而且它的 BIOS 必须被如此é…置。然åŽï¼Œ 你必须把 boot.iso 刻录到一个å¯ï¼ˆé‡ï¼‰å†™çš„光盘上。 许多计算机现在都å¯ä»¥ä»Žå…‰ç›˜ä¸­è‡ªåŠ¨å¼•å¯¼ã€‚如果你的机器属于这ç§ç±»åž‹ (并且已 被正确é…ç½®)，你å¯ä»¥ä»Žå…‰ç›˜ä¸­ç›´æŽ¥å¼•å¯¼ Red Hat Linux 而ä¸å¿…使用任何引导ç£ç›˜ã€‚ 引导åŽ, 你将能够从光盘中进行系统安装。请注æ„, 从光盘中引导是 与从 boot.img 文件中引导相åŒï¼›å¯èƒ½ä»éœ€é¢å¤–驱动程åºã€‚ ============================================================================ 寻求帮助 对于那些能够使用万维网的用户，请访问 http://www.redhat.com。特别是， 我们的邮件列表å¯åœ¨ä¸‹é¢çš„网页中进入： http://www.redhat.com/mailing-lists 如果你ä¸èƒ½ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‡ç»´ç½‘，你ä»å¯ä»¥è®¢é˜…主邮件列表。 è¦è®¢é˜…, 请给 Shrike-list-request@redhat.com å‘ä¿¡ 在主题æ ä¸­æ·»å…¥ subscribe，将信体留作空白。 Linux Accessibility Solutions ============================= Copyright © 2003 by Red Hat, Inc. Abstract ======== There are approximately 500 million people worldwide with some kind of visual, hearing, or mobility impairment. There are currently over 54 million people with disabilities in the US alone and that number is significantly increasing as the baby boomer generation continues to age. People with disabilities often find it extremely difficult to effectively use existing and emerging technologies designed without regard to their needs. Websites with inaccessible content can also be problematic for screen readers and other specialized devices used by the disabled community. Accessible features have been voluntarily integrated into operating systems, Web interfaces and other technologies because of marketing potential or because it was "the right thing to do." Equal access to educational, professional and recreational technologies is rapidly becoming a legal requirement. Federal agencies in numerous countries are formulating accessibility standards. Federal requirements in the United States went into effect in June 2001. There are specialized hardware devices, applications and utilities available that considerably increase the usability of Linux for individuals with special needs. This document covers the following topics: ========================================== * Why should people choose Red Hat Linux as an accessibility solution? * The Section 508 Mandate * The Voluntary Product Accessibility Template (VPAT) * Available open source tools, utilities and drivers * Using Speakup with Red Hat Linux * Using Emacspeak and Festival with Red Hat Linux * Reading news using Red Hat Linux and Emacspeak * Sending and reading email using Red Hat Linux and Emacspeak * Browsing the Web using Red Hat Linux and Emacspeak * Using Emacspeak to execute Red Hat Linux shell commands * Using BRLTTY with Red Hat Linux * Finding more information on Linux accessibility Why should people choose Red Hat Linux as an accessibility solution? ==================================================================== Linux offers an inexpensive and efficient solution for the disabled community. Open source software costs far less compared to tools that run on other operating systems and Linux tools are often freely download-able. While the Graphic User Interface (GUI) is convenient for sighted users, it is often inhibiting to those with visual impairments because of the difficulty speech synthesizers have interpreting graphics. Linux is a great OS for users with visual limitations because the GUI is not required by the kernel. Most modern tools including email, news, Web browsers, calendars, calculators and much more can run on Linux without the GUI. The working environment can also be customized to meet the hardware or software needs of the user. Red Hat, Inc. is the distribution of choice for people with special needs because of the outstanding support that Red Hat provides. Many Linux distributions provide limited or nonexistent support to customers. Red Hat support is deliverable via email or telephone, and special circumstances are considered and addressed for users with physical limitations. The customer should inform the support technician if they require specialized support. Red Hat is the leading Linux distribution. Most industry professionals are familiar with the Red Hat environment. It is not difficult to find assistance if necessary. Red Hat provides the up2date client and Red Hat Network. These services simplify file management and make it easier for customers to effortlessly keep their computers secure and up to date. The Section 508 Mandate ======================= The Section 508 Mandate is an addendum to the Rehabilitation Act of 1998 that requires federal agencies to use accessible electronic and information technologies so that people with special needs have the same opportunities as everyone else. For detailed information about the requirements of the Section 508 Mandate, please see this link: http://www.section508.gov/ The Voluntary Product Accessibility Template (VPAT) =================================================== The VPAT template details how a particular product or service conforms to Section 508 criteria. The VPAT helps federal personnel adhere to Section 508 by helping them determine whether they are buying the most accessible IT products and services available. The VPAT template participation by private vendors is voluntary. These templates are hosted on the individual vendor websites. The vendors maintain their own information and the government does not endorse this information in any way. For more information on these templates, please contact the legal department at Red Hat Inc. Available open source tools, utilities and drivers ================================================== Current development is focusing on visual and mobility impairments. There are both software and hardware based solutions available. There are also both console and graphic solutions available, however, the graphic solutions are limited at this time. The GNOME Accessibility Project is making great progress bringing the Gnome desktop up to speed. For more information about the GNOME Accessibility Project, refer to: http://developer.gnome.org/projects/gap/ The KDE Accessibility Project is simultaneously working to make sure the KDE desktop is accessible as well. For more information about the KDE Accessibility Project, refer to: http://accessibility.kde.org/ Hardware ========== The biggest advantage of the hardware speech solutions is that speech is available before the OS loads (makes it easier to install). Hardware solutions include speech synthesizers, braille terminals, braille printers, sip and puff systems, eye gaze pointing devices, etc. These devices are usually very expensive and it is difficult to find drivers for them. Drivers are being written (mostly for speech synthesizers) for Linux but they need to be tested and certified before they can be added to Red Hat's Hardware Compatibility List. The Hardware Compatibility List is available online at: http://hardware.redhat.com/ Jim Van Zandt has also written several servers that work with Emacspeak. These servers can be found in a package called Emacspeak-ss on Jim Van Zandt's website or linked within the Emacspeak HOWTO The Emacspeak HOWTO is available online at: http://www.mv.com/ipusers/vanzandt/Emacspeak-HOWTO.html For more information on Emacspeak, refer to: http://emacspeak.sf.net/ Software ========== This document focuses mostly on software tools and utilities that work with Linux. Most of these tools have been developed by the Open Source community and many have not yet been tested by Red Hat, Inc. Speakup, Emacspeak, Festival and BRLTTY have been tested by Red Hat. Festival and Emacspeak ships with Red Hat Linux 7.3 and later releases. The following list of download-able tools provide various functions: * Software Speech Synthesizers: IBM ViaVoice Outloud Festival MBROLA Emacspeak * Magnification Tools: xzoom SVGATextMode * Speech Recognition Software: IBM ViaVoice cvoicecontrol Xvoice * Screen Readers: Screader Speakup BRLTTY Visual Bells Keyboard Tools AccessX StickyKeys GTKeyboard Using Speakup with Red Hat Linux ================================ Speakup is a GPL screen review package written by Kirk Reiser and Andy Berdan. Speakup gives users with visual or mobility impairments the ability to have audible console feedback using a speech synthesizer. Red Hat recommends Speakup for blind users because it provides an audible installation and is fully supported by the blind open source community. William F. Acker currently maintains the Speakup packages for the Red Hat distribution. His contributions to the open source community and to blind Linux users have been outstanding. Speakup works with the following hardware synthesizers: DoubleTalk PC/LT LiteTalk Accent PC/SA Speakout Artic Transport Audapter Braille 'N Speak / Type 'N Speak Dectalk External and Express Apollo2 For instructions on using Speakup with Red Hat Linux, refer to: http://www.linux-speakup.org/ftp/disks/redhat/HOWTO_INSTALL.html For more information about Speakup, or to contribute to the Speakup project please see this link: http://www.linux-speakup.org Using Emacspeak with Red Hat Linux ================================== Before using Emacspeak, you should familiarize yourself with some documentation. Start with "A Gentle Introduction to Emacspeak" by Gary Lawrence Murphy, which is available online at: http://emacspeak-guide.sourceforge.net/ The Emacspeak HOWTO written by Jim Van Zandt is also a very good resource, although the document is limited to the Slackware distribution. The Emascspeak HOWTO is available online at: http://www.mv.com/ipusers/vanzandt/Emacspeak-HOWTO.html Reading news using Red Hat Linux and Emacspeak =============================================== Gnus is the news reader included with Emacspeak. Gnus gets the appropriate data from the ~/.newsrc file in the user's home directory. To post and read news through Emacspeak, refer to http://my.news.org/ or http://www.gnus.org/ for manuals, tutorials, HOWTOs, and more. To start Gnus, type the following: M-x, gnus This command displays all the newsgroups you are subscribed to. To select a newsgroup, highlight your selection and press the space bar. Next, specify how many articles you would like to open. Type the number you desire and press [Enter]. This splits the screen into two buffers. The top section is the summary buffer, the bottom section is the article buffer. You should now be able to read your news. For a detailed overview of this tool, refer to: http://www.mv.com/ipusers/vanzandt/Emacspeak-HOWTO.html Sending and reading email using Red Hat Linux and Emacspeak =========================================================== There are several email clients available in Emacspeak. The Gnus utility can actually be used for both email and news. Type M-x, gnus to start Gnus, then type M to use the mail client. The easiest tool to use is RMAIL. To send a message using RMAIL, just type C-x, m within Emacspeak. Fill in the To: and Subject: fields. Put the body of the message below the line that reads -text follows this line-. You can send the message when you are finished by typing: C-c, C-c To read a message using RMAIL type: M-x, rmail For more information on using RMAIL please see: http://www.gnu.org/manual/emacs-20.3/html_chapter/emacs_31.html Browsing the Web using Red Hat Linux and Emacspeak ================================================== You must download William Perry's w3 browser: ftp://people.redhat.com/jlamb/ You can install the package from the FTP site after you log in as root and type: rpm -ivh ftp://people.redhat.com/jlamb/w3-4.0pre.44-1.i386.rpm Once the package is installed, restart Emacspeak and type M-x, w3 to start the browser. This opens the default homepage. For more information on w3 including a tutorial and command explanation, read through the information on the default home page, available online at: http://www.cs.indiana.edu/elisp/w3/docs.html Using Emacspeak to execute Linux shell commands =============================================== You do not have to leave Emacspeak to execute a Linux command. To execute a command within Emacspeak, type ESC ! and then enter the name of the command you would like to run when Emacspeak prompts you. To exit the command output window type: C-x, 1 This functionality is extremely useful. You can even print and compile files you are working on within Emacspeak. For more information on Linux shell commands please see Josh's Linux Guide or any other comparable command resource. Josh's Linux Guide is available online at: http://jgo.local.net/LinuxGuide/linux-commands.html Using BRLTTY with Red Hat Linux =============================== BRLTTY provides access to the Linux command line for blind people using refreshable braille displays. The tool provides complete screen review functionality and minimal speech capability. BRLTTY has been tested by Red Hat Inc. and is available in RPM format. For information and documentation on BRLTTY, please see the following link: http://mielke.cc/brltty/ Finding more information on Linux accessibility =============================================== The following documents offer helpful suggestions for making Linux more accessible: Linux Accessibility HOWTO http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Access-HOWTO.html Keyboard-and-Console-HOWTO http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Keyboard-and-Console-HOWTO.html Additional links which may be helpful include: The Speakup Homepage http://www.braille.uwo.ca/speakup/ Project Ocularis http://ocularis.sourceforge.net/events.php Trace Center http://trace.wisc.edu/ Blinux http://leb.net/blinux/ Red Hat Linux 9 Release Notes

Red Hat Linux 9 Release Notes

Copyright © 2003 Red Hat, Inc.

Hardware Requirements

The following information represents the minimum hardware requirements necessary to successfully install Red Hat Linux 9:

CPU:

- Minimum: Pentium-class

- Recommended for text-mode: 200 MHz Pentium-class or better

- Recommended for graphical: 400 MHz Pentium II or better

Hard Disk Space (NOTE: Additional space will be required for user data):

- Custom Installation (minimum): 475MB

- Server (minimum): 850MB

- Personal Desktop: 1.7GB

- Workstation: 2.1GB

- Custom Installation (everything): 5.0GB

Memory:

- Minimum for text-mode: 64MB

- Minimum for graphical: 128MB

- Recommended for graphical: 192MB

Note that the compatibility/availability of other hardware components (such as video and network cards) may be required for specific installation modes and/or post-installation usage. For more information about hardware compatibility, see the Red Hat Linux Hardware Compatibility List at http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/

Installation-Related Notes

This section outlines those issues that are related to Anaconda (the Red Hat Linux installation program) and installing Red Hat Linux 9 in general.

  • The Red Hat Linux installation program has the ability to test the integrity of the installation media. It works with the CD, DVD, hard drive ISO, and NFS ISO installation methods. Red Hat recommends that you test all installation media before starting the installation process, and before reporting any installation-related bugs (many of the bugs reported are actually due to improperly-burned CDs). To use this test, type linux mediacheck at the boot: prompt.

  • While most present-day computers are able to start the installation process by booting directly from the first Red Hat Linux distribution CD, some hardware configurations require the use of a boot diskette. If your hardware requires a boot diskette, you should be aware of the following change.

    Red Hat Linux 9 uses a different boot diskette layout than previous releases of Red Hat Linux. There is now a single boot diskette image file (bootdisk.img) that is used to boot all systems requiring a boot diskette.

    If you are performing anything other than an installation from an IDE or USB device, you will be asked to insert a driver diskette created from one of the following image files:

    - drvnet.img — For network installations

    - drvblock.img — For SCSI installations

    - pcmciadd.img — For PCMCIA installations

    As with previous releases of Red Hat Linux, these image files can be found in the images/ directory on the first installation CD.

  • Also in the images/ directory is the boot.iso file. This file is an ISO image that can be used to boot the Red Hat Linux installation program. It is a handy way to start network-based installations without having to use multiple diskettes. To use boot.iso, your computer must be able to boot from its CD-ROM drive, and its BIOS settings must be configured to do so. You must then burn boot.iso onto a recordable/rewriteable CD-ROM.

  • The rescue mode environment (accessed by booting with the "linux rescue" boot-time command) has been enhanced. Numerous requested utilities have been added, and there is now support for activating network interfaces. Commands needed for SCSI tape support are also available. Please test this environment and send us your feedback.

    If you chose to mount an existing installation in rescue mode and you have man pages installed on that existing installation, the man command will work while in rescue mode.

  • The Red Hat Linux installation program now detects existing Red Hat products on your system, and will prompt you to select the product you would like to upgrade. You will also have the option of performing a complete re-installation of the system instead of upgrading. Please report any problems you may experience with this new feature.

    If the contents of your /etc/redhat-release file has been changed from the default, your Red Hat Linux installation may not be found when attempting an upgrade to Red Hat Linux 9.

    You can relax some of the checks against this file by entering the following at the boot: prompt:

    linux upgradeany

    Use the upgradeany option only if your existing Red Hat Linux installation was not detected.

  • isolinux is now used for booting the Red Hat Linux installation CD. If you have problems booting from the CD, you can write the images/bootdisk.img image to a diskette according to the directions in the Red Hat Linux Installation Guide.

  • During a graphical installation, you can now press SHIFT-Print Screen and a screenshot of the current installation screen will be taken. These are stored in the following directory:

    /root/anaconda-screenshots/

    The screenshots can be accessed once the newly-installed system is rebooted.

  • The parted disk partition manipulation program has been upgraded to version 1.6.

  • Users of Red Hat Linux 6.2 that want to upgrade their system to Red Hat Linux 9 must first have all errata updates applied before starting the upgrade process. The most straightforward way to accomplish this is to use Red Hat Network. A Red Hat Linux 6.2 system that is not completely up-to-date will not upgrade successfully to Red Hat Linux 9.

  • Text mode installations using a serial terminal work best when the terminal supports UTF-8. Under UNIX and Linux, Kermit supports UTF-8. For Windows, Kermit '95 works well. Non-UTF-8 capable terminals will work as long as only English is used during installation. An enhanced serial display can be used by passing "utf8" as a boot-time option to the installation program. For example:

    linux console=ttyS0 utf8

General Notes

This section describes post-installation issues.

  • There have been issues observed when upgrading Red Hat Linux 6.<x>, 7.<x>, 8.0, and 9 systems running Ximian GNOME. The issue is caused by version overlap between the official Red Hat Linux RPMs and the Ximian RPMs. This configuration is not supported by Red Hat. You have several choices in resolving this issue:

    1) You may remove Ximian GNOME from your Red Hat Linux system prior to upgrading Red Hat Linux.

    2) You may upgrade Red Hat Linux, and then immediately reinstall Ximian GNOME.

    3) You may upgrade Red Hat Linux, and then immediately remove all remaining Ximian RPMs, and replace them with the corresponding Red Hat Linux RPMs.

    You must resolve the version overlap using one of the above choices. Failure to do so will result in an unstable GNOME configuration.

  • There has been some confusion regarding font-related issues under the X Window System in recent versions of Red Hat Linux. At the present time, there are two font subsystems, each with different characteristics:

    - The original (15+ year old) subsystem is referred to as the "core X font subsystem". Fonts rendered by this subsystem are not anti-aliased, are handled by the X server, and have names like:

    -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--10-100-75-75-c-60-iso8859-1

    The newer font subsystem is known as "fontconfig", and allows applications direct access to the font files. Fontconfig is often used along with the "Xft" library, which allows applications to render fontconfig fonts to the screen with antialiasing. Fontconfig uses more human-friendly names like:

    Luxi Sans-10

    Over time, fontconfig/Xft will replace the core X font subsystem. At the present time, applications using the Qt 3 or GTK 2 toolkits (which would include KDE and GNOME applications) use the fontconfig and Xft font subsystem; most everything else uses the core X fonts.

    In the future, Red Hat may support only fontconfig/Xft in place of the XFS font server as the default local font access method.

    NOTE: Two exceptions to the font subsystem usage outlined above are OpenOffice.org (which uses its own font rendering technology), and Mozilla (which uses fontconfig, but not GTK 2).

    If you wish to add new fonts to your Red Hat Linux 9 system, you must be aware that the steps necessary depend on which font subsystem is to use the new fonts. For the core X font subsystem, you must:

    1. Create the /usr/share/fonts/local/ directory (if it doesn't already exist):

    mkdir /usr/share/fonts/local/

    If you had to create /usr/share/fonts/local/, you must then add it to the X font server (xfs) path:

    chkfontpath --add /usr/share/fonts/local/

    2. Copy the new font file into /usr/share/fonts/local/

    3. Update the font information by issuing the following command:

    ttmkfdir -d /usr/share/fonts/local/ -o /usr/share/fonts/local/fonts.scale

    4. Reload the xfs font server using the following command:

    service xfs reload

    Adding new fonts to the fontconfig font subsystem is more straightforward; the new font file only needs to be copied into the /usr/share/fonts/ directory (individual users can modify their personal font configuration by copying the font file into the ~/.fonts/ directory).

    After the new font has been copied, use fc-cache to update the font information cache:

    fc-cache <directory>

    (Where <directory> would be either the /usr/share/fonts/ or ~/.fonts/ directories.)

    Individual users may also install fonts graphically, by browsing fonts:/// in Nautilus, and dragging the new font files there.

    NOTE: If the font filename ends with ".gz", it has been compressed with gzip, and must be decompressed (with the gunzip command) before the fontconfig font subsystem can use the font.

  • Due to the transition to the new font system based on fontconfig/Xft, GTK+ 1.2 applications are not affected by any changes made via the Font Preferences dialog. For these applications, a font can be configured by adding the following lines to the file ~/.gtkrc.mine:

    style "user-font" {

    fontset = "<font-specification>"

    }

    widget_class "*" style "user-font"

    (Where <font-specification> represents a font specification in the style used by traditional X applications, such as "-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-*-*-*-*".)

  • New features in XFree86 include:

    - Xcursor — New mouse cursor code, allowing color, antialiased, alpha blended (translucency), animated, themeable, multi-size mouse pointers to be used.

    - ATI Radeon 9000, 9100, FireGL 8700, 8800 3D/2D/Xv support is now available. ATI Radeon 9500 Pro and 9700 Pro, as well as ATI FireGL X1 and Z1 are now supported 2D-only. Support for over 30 additional ATI Rage 128 chipsets have been added to this release, which should cover all existing Rage 128 chipsets now.

    - Intel i845, i852, i855, and i865 integrated video support (2D/3D/Xvideo), and improved Intel i830 video support. The Intel video driver has been completely restructured and largely rewritten to be much more robust, and support more hardware. Many bugs have been fixed, as well as many workarounds for broken laptop and motherboard BIOSs that limit memory to 1Mb.

    - New support for NVIDIA GeForce 4, nForce, GeForce 2 Go, and various other NVIDIA hardware. Also, the nv driver has been enhanced to attempt to autodetect unknown NVIDIA chips that aren't officially supported, but can probably be coaxed to work anyway (albeit not officially supported) by treating them similarly to one of the other supported chips in the same family. The nv driver, as in previous releases, remains 2D only.

    - At the time these release notes were finalized, NVIDIA's binary-only accelerated 3D drivers are not currently compatible with Red Hat Linux 9. NVIDIA is aware of the problem; watch the NVIDIA website for updates regarding this situation.

    - Updated Savage driver which supports the newest Savage video chipsets, and fixes various bugs.

    - A brand new driver for the National Semiconductor Geode chipset, nsc, is provided.

    - Many other video driver updates and improvements have been made.

    - Many new input drivers including fpit, palmax, ur98 and others have been added.

  • By default, the Sendmail mail transport agent (MTA) does not accept network connections from any host other than the local computer. If you want to configure Sendmail as a server for other clients, you must edit /etc/mail/sendmail.mc and change the DAEMON_OPTIONS line to also listen on network devices (or comment out this option entirely using the dnl comment delimiter). You must then regenerate /etc/mail/sendmail.cf by running the following command (as root):

    make -C /etc/mail

    Note that you must have the sendmail-cf package installed for this to work.

  • CUPS is now the default print spooler, and redhat-config-printer is the recommended tool for configuring it. It may be launched from the System Settings menu, using the Printing menu entry. LPRng is still provided, and upgrades from previous installations using LPRng will continue to use it.

  • GNOME Print Manager, a simple graphical print queue management tool, is now included. It may be launched from the System Tools menu, using the Print Manager menu entry. In addition, when a print job is in the queue, an icon will appear in the panel's system notification area.

  • Red Hat Linux 9 includes the Native POSIX Thread Library (NPTL), a new implementation of POSIX threads for Linux. This library provides performance improvements and increased scalability for i686 or better processors.

    This thread library is designed to be binary compatible with the old LinuxThreads implementation; however, applications that rely on the places where the LinuxThreads implementation deviates from the POSIX standard will need to be fixed. Notable differences include:

    - Signal handling has changed from per-thread signal handling to POSIX process signal handling.

    - getpid() returns the same value in all threads.

    - Thread handlers registered with pthread_atfork are not run if vfork() is used — no manager thread

    Applications that are known to have problems using NPTL include:

    - Sun JRE prior to version 1.4.1

    - IBM JRE

    If an application does not work properly with NPTL, it can be run using the old LinuxThreads implementation by setting the following environment variable:

    LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=<kernel-version>

    The following versions are available:

    - 2.4.1 — Linuxthreads with floating stacks

    - 2.2.5 — Linuxthreads without floating stacks

    NPTL support for all dynamically-linked applications can be disabled by using the following boot-time option:

    nosysinfo

  • A new system message has been added to Red Hat Linux 9:

    application bug: <app-name>(<app-pid>) has SIGCHLD set to SIG_IGN but calls wait(). (see the NOTES section of 'man 2 wait'). Workaround activated.

    This message (which is displayed on the system console and/or in the system log files) indicates that the application is not completely standards compliant with respect to its handling of child processes. If you see this message, you should alert the application's developers.

  • Python has been compiled with UCS4 support (Unicode characters represented on 4 bytes) as opposed to UCS2. UCS4 allows one to represent characters outside of the Basic Multilingual Plane. Certain third-party libraries may stop working because of this change; recompiling these libraries should be sufficient to resolve the problem. Please note that "pure" python modules (whose code is written in python) or compiled modules that do not directly use Unicode are not affected by this change.

  • The fileutils, textutils, sh-utils, and stat packages have been replaced by the newer coreutils package.

  • The RPMs containing the Network Administration Tool have changed names and functions. The RPM redhat-config-network contains the tool's graphical user interface, while redhat-config-network-tui contains the tool itself (along with its text-based user interface).

  • Support for XHTML1 — the reformulation of HTML in XML — has been improved. This has been done by adding the xhtml1-dtd package, installing the DTDs in the system catalog, and adding native support in the libxml2 and xsltproc tools.

  • The redhat-switchmail command and package have been renamed redhat-switch-mail. The redhat-switchmail-gnome package has been renamed redhat-switch-mail-gnome.

  • The Oprofile system-wide profiler has been added to Red Hat Linux 9. OProfile is a programmer's tool for analyzing system performance, using special hardware built into many modern computers. Documentation for OProfile exists in the oprofile package; after installing Red Hat Linux 9, issue the command rpm -qd oprofile to obtain a listing of the available documentation. See the OProfile website at http://oprofile.sourceforge.net for more details.

  • GDB has been enhanced to allow debugging information for applications to be read from separate files. This makes it possible to extract debugging information from binaries and place them in a supplemental package. During the development of Red Hat Linux 9, "debuginfo" packages were generated for nearly every package by implementing special RPM macros. By default, the RPM macro configuration in Red Hat Linux 9 generates "debuginfo" packages. If you are building packages and do not want to generate "debuginfo" packages, add the following to your ~/.rpmmacros file:

    %define debug_package %{nil}

Package Changes

The following packages have been added to Red Hat Linux 9:

- bluez-libs — Libraries for Bluetooth™ utility programs

- bluez-utils — Bluetooth utility programs

- bogl — Graphics library for framebuffers; used by the Red Hat Linux installation program

- ckermit — Replaces gkermit

- coreutils — Replaces fileutils, textutils, sh-utils and stat

- desktop-printing — Drag-and-drop printing and print job icon

- devlabel — Support for persistent storage device access

- elfutils — Replaces libelf

- fontilus — Font viewer for Nautilus

- fonts-hebrew — Hebrew fonts

- gnome-icon-theme — Icons for base GNOME environment

- gnome-themes — Collection of themes for GNOME environment

- gstreamer — Multimedia framework library

- gstreamer-plugins — Input and output plugins for gstreamer

- gthumb — Graphics viewer

- hpoj — HP OfficeJet support

- jwhois — Replaces whois

- libgnomeprint22 — Updated libraries

- libgnomeprintui22 — Updated libraries

- libgsf — Library for reading/writing structured files

- nautilus-cd-burner — CD burning support for Nautilus

- nautilus-media — Audio playing support for Nautilus

- openssl096b — Compatibility maintenance package

- postgresql-odbc — ODBC support for PostgreSQL

- postgresql72-libs — PostgreSQL 7.2 compatibility libraries

- printman — Print queue management

- pyorbit — Replaces orbit-python

- redhat-config-samba — Samba configuration tool

- redhat-switch-mail — Renamed from redhat-switchmail

- soup — SOAP implementation library

- startup-notification — Support for busy cursor

- subversion — Version control system

- tsclient — GUI client for VNS and Windows Terminal Server

- ttmkfdir — Separated from XFree86

- vconfig — VLAN (802.1q) configuration program

- xhtml1-dtds — XHTML1 support

The following packages have been removed from Red Hat Linux 9:

- WindowMaker — Developer resource constraints

- Xft — Integrated into XFree86

- Xtest — No longer required by Anaconda

- anonftp — functionality pulled into vsftpd package

- bdflush — No longer required (needed by 2.2 kernels only)

- fileutils — Replaced by coreutils

- fortune-mod — Unclear copyright status

- gkermit — Replaced by ckermit

- ipvsadm — No longer part of Red Hat Linux product profile

- kbdconfig — Replaced by redhat-config-keyboard

- kernel-uml — Experimental package, removed

- ksymoops — No longer required by kernel

- libelf — Replaced by elfutils

- librpm404 — No longer required compatibility library

- libxml10 — No longer required compatibility library

- mouseconfig — Replaced by redhat-config-mouse

- openldap12 — No longer required compatibility library

- openssl095a — No longer required compatibility library

- orbit-python — Replaced by pyorbit

- php-dbg-base — Not used within distribution

- php-dbg-client — Not used within distribution

- php-dbg-server — Not used within distribution

- redhat-switchmail — Renamed to redhat-switch-mail

- rhmask — Red Hat no longer distributes rhmask files

- rpm2html — Deprecated by author

- sh-utils — Replaced by coreutils

- stat — Replaced by coreutils

- textutils — Replaced by coreutils

- timeconfig — Replaced by redhat-config-date

- whois — Replaced by jwhois

- wine — Developer resource constraints

- wmapm — Part of Windowmaker removal

- wmclock — Part of Windowmaker removal

- wmix — Part of Windowmaker removal

- wu-ftpd — vsftpd is the recommended FTP daemon

- xtoolwait — Not used within distribution

The following packages have been deprecated, and may be removed from a future release of Red Hat Linux:

- pine — License-related issues

- LPRng — CUPS is the recommended printing solution

- Glide3 — Multi-platform issues

- lilo — GRUB is the recommended bootloader

- sndconfig — No longer required by mainstream hardware

- ncpfs — No longer part of Red Hat Linux product profile

- mars-nwe — No longer part of Red Hat Linux product profile

Kernel Notes

This section covers issues that are related to the Red Hat Linux 9 kernel.

  • Special Note: The ACL support added to the kernel in the first two public beta releases proved to be unstable and caused the kernel to regress. Red Hat has therefore removed that ACL support from the kernel for Red Hat Linux 9. Kernel engineers will continue work on improving the ACL support, which will be available in a future release. The attr and acl packages needed to support ACLs are still included to make it easier for users and developers who wish to test ACLs. Red Hat may, at our discretion, provide ACL support for this release of Red Hat Linux by means of an upgrade, if future testing demonstrates that the ACL support has sufficiently improved in quality.

  • The apic boot-time option allowing installation on systems with the Intel 440GX chipset has been removed because it caused a conflict with many newer systems: it caused SMM (System Management Mode) not to function, or to function incorrectly, causing installation on those systems to fail. Removing the apic boot-time option enables these newer systems to install successfully.

    A different workaround has been provided that allows at least some systems with the Intel 440GX chipset to boot; this workaround is automatically enabled, and requires no action on your part. If you have an Intel 440GX-based system and are unable to install Red Hat Linux 9 but a previous release of Red Hat Linux installs correctly, please file a bug report, and include the output (running on the previous release, of course) of the dmidecode program, run as root, with your bug report. Note however, that it will not be possible to install Red Hat Linux 9 at all.

    Systems with the 440GX chipset are supported only on a best-effort basis. Therefore, we welcome bug reports regarding systems with the 440GX chipset, but may or may not be able to resolve them.

  • The kernel support for the new NPTL feature changes several internal kernel programming interfaces significantly. As a result, several external kernel modules may not compile without modifications to match the new interfaces. Examples currently include the NVIDIA and ATI 3D modules, as well as any other modules that use kernel threads and/or signals.

Red Hat Linux 9 發行摘è¦

Red Hat Linux 9 發行摘è¦

Copyright © 2003 Red Hat, Inc.

硬體需求

以下的資訊代表需è¦åŸºæœ¬çš„硬體需求æ‰èƒ½æˆåŠŸå®‰è£ Red Hat Linux 9：

CPU：

- 最低需求：Pentium 等級

- 文字模å¼çš„建議值： Pentium 200 MHz 或更高的等級

- 圖形模å¼çš„建議值： Pentium II 400 MHz 或更高

硬碟空間（請注æ„：需è¦é¡å¤–的空間給使用者儲存資料）：

- 自訂安è£ï¼ˆæœ€å°å€¼ï¼‰: 475MB

- 伺æœå™¨ï¼ˆæœ€å°å€¼ï¼‰ï¼š 850MB

- 個人電腦： 1.7GB

- 工作站： 2.1GB

- 自訂安è£ï¼ˆå…¨éƒ¨å®‰è£ï¼‰ï¼š 5.0GB

記憶體：

- 文字模å¼çš„最å°å€¼ï¼š 64MB

- 圖形模å¼çš„最å°å€¼ï¼š 128MB

- 圖形模å¼çš„建議值： 192MB

請注æ„特定的安è£æ¨¡å¼ä»¥åŠå¾Œå®‰è£éšŽæ®µä¹Ÿè¨±éœ€è¦å…¶ä»–硬體元件（例如顯示å¡èˆ‡ç¶²è·¯å¡ï¼‰ 的相容性與å¯ç”¨æ€§ã€‚ 如需關於硬體相容的更多資訊，請åƒè€ƒåœ¨ http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/ çš„ Red Hat Linux 硬體相容清單。

安è£ç¨‹å¼ç›¸é—œçš„摘è¦

這個部份將概è¦çš„討論與 Anaconda (Red Hat Linux 的安è£ç¨‹å¼) 以åŠå®‰è£ Red Hat Linux 9 相關的一般性議題。

  • Red Hat Linux 安è£ç¨‹å¼æ“有測試安è£åª’體完整性的功能。 這個功能å¯ä½¿ç”¨åœ¨ CDã€DVDã€ç¡¬ç¢Ÿ ISO æª”ä»¥åŠ NFS ISO 檔等的安è£æ–¹å¼ã€‚ Red Hat 建議您在開始安è£éŽç¨‹ä»¥åŠå›žå ±ä»»ä½•å®‰è£ç›¸é—œçš„å•é¡Œå‰ï¼ˆè¨±å¤šä¹‹å‰å·²å›žå ±çš„å•é¡Œéƒ½æ˜¯å› ç‚ºä¸ç•¶ç‡’錄的 CD 所造æˆï¼‰ï¼Œå…ˆæ¸¬è©¦æ‰€æœ‰çš„安è£åª’體。 如è¦ä½¿ç”¨é€™å€‹æ¸¬è©¦ï¼Œè«‹åœ¨ boot: æ示符號下輸入 linux mediacheck。

  • 雖然大部分當代的電腦都能夠直接從第一片 Red Hat Linux 的發行光碟開機進入安è£ç¨‹å¼ï¼Œ æŸäº›ç¡¬é«”的設定ä»éœ€è¦ä½¿ç”¨é–‹æ©Ÿç£ç¢Ÿç‰‡ã€‚ å‡å¦‚您的硬體設定需è¦é–‹æ©Ÿç‰‡ï¼Œ 您應該è¦ç•™æ„以下的變更。

    Red Hat Linux 9 使用一種與先å‰ç‰ˆæœ¬çš„ Red Hat Linux ä¸åŒçš„é–‹æ©Ÿç£ç¢Ÿç‰‡é…置。 ç¾åœ¨åªæœ‰ä¸€å€‹å–®ä¸€çš„開機片映åƒæª”案 (bootdisk.img)， 以使用來開機所有需è¦é–‹æ©Ÿç‰‡çš„系統。

    å‡å¦‚您正è¦åŸ·è¡Œçš„安è£ä¸¦éžä¾†è‡ªä¸€å€‹ IDE 或 USB è£ç½®ï¼Œæ‚¨å°‡æœƒè¢«æ示以æ’入由下列 其中一個映åƒæª”案所建立的驅動程å¼ç£ç‰‡ï¼š

    - drvnet.img — 用於網路安è£æ–¹å¼

    - drvblock.img — 用於 SCSI 的安è£æ–¹å¼

    - pcmciadd.img — 用於 PCMCIA 的安è£æ–¹å¼

    如åŒå…ˆå‰ç‰ˆæœ¬çš„ Red Hat Linux，這些映åƒæª”案å¯ä»¥åœ¨ç¬¬ä¸€ç‰‡å®‰è£å…‰ç¢Ÿçš„ images/ 目錄中找到。

  • 在 images/ 目錄中有 boot.iso 檔案，這個檔案是一個 ISO 映åƒæª”，å¯ä»¥ç”¨å®ƒä¾†å•Ÿå‹• Red Hat Linux 的安è£ç¨‹å¼ã€‚ 這是啟動網路安è£çš„一個較方便的方法，因為您ä¸å¿…使用多é‡çš„軟碟片。 如è¦ä½¿ç”¨ boot.iso，您的電腦必須å¯ä»¥å¾žå…‰ç¢Ÿæ©Ÿé–‹æ©Ÿï¼Œ 而且您的 BIOS 必須是如此的設定。 然後您必須將 boot.iso 檔案燒錄到一片å¯ï¼ˆè¦†ï¼‰å¯«çš„光碟片上。

  • ç›®å‰å·²ç¶“強化救æ´æ¨¡å¼çš„環境（藉由使用 "linux rescue" 的開機指令進入），也已經加入許多廣å—需求的工具，而且ç¾åœ¨å·²ç¶“支æ´å•Ÿå‹•ç¶²è·¯çš„介é¢ã€‚ 也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ SCSI ç£å¸¶æ©Ÿæ”¯æ´æ‰€éœ€çš„指令。 請測試這個環境，然後將å•é¡Œå›žå ±çµ¦æˆ‘們。

    å‡å¦‚您é¸æ“‡è¦åœ¨æ•‘æ´æ¨¡å¼æŽ›è¼‰ä¸€å€‹æ—¢æœ‰çš„安è£ï¼Œè€Œä¸”您在既有的安è£ä¸Šæœ‰å®‰è£ man page，您將å¯åœ¨æ•‘æ´æ¨¡å¼ä¸­ä½¿ç”¨ man 的指令。

  • Red Hat Linux 安è£ç¨‹å¼ç¾åœ¨å°‡æœƒåµæ¸¬æ‚¨ç³»çµ±ä¸Šæ—¢æœ‰çš„ Red Hat 產å“，並將æ示您é¸æ“‡æ‚¨æƒ³è¦å‡ç´šçš„產å“。 您也會有執行一個完整é‡æ–°å®‰è£ç³»çµ±çš„é¸é …（而ä¸æ˜¯ä½œå‡ç´šï¼‰ã€‚ 當您嘗試這項新特色時，請回報任何您所é‡åˆ°çš„å•é¡Œã€‚

    å‡å¦‚ /etc/redhat-release 檔案的é è¨­å…§å®¹å·²ç¶“被改變， 當試著è¦åš Red Hat Linux 9 çš„å‡ç´šæ™‚，也許會找ä¸åˆ°æ‚¨çš„ Red Hat Linux 安è£ã€‚

    您å¯ä»¥åœ¨ boot: æ示符號下輸入以下指令來ç¨å¾®æª¢æŸ¥é€™å€‹æª”案：

    linux upgradeany

    åªæœ‰åœ¨æ²’有åµæ¸¬åˆ°æ—¢æœ‰çš„ Red Hat Linux 時，æ‰ä½¿ç”¨ upgradeany é¸é …。

  • isolinux ç¾åœ¨å·²ç¶“被使用來開機 Red Hat Linux 的安è£å…‰ç¢Ÿï¼Œ å‡å¦‚您有困難從光碟開機，您å¯ä»¥æ ¹æ“š Red Hat Linux 安è£æ‰‹å†Š 中的指引來寫入 images/bootdisk.img 映åƒæª”到ç£ç¢Ÿç‰‡ä¸Šã€‚

  • 在圖形安è£ç¨‹å¼çš„階段，ç¾åœ¨æ‚¨å¯ä»¥æŒ‰ä¸‹ SHIFT-Print Screen 的按éµçµ„åˆï¼Œå³å¯æ“·å– ç›®å‰å®‰è£ç•«é¢çš„螢幕縮圖。 這些螢幕縮圖將會儲存在下列的目錄中：

    /root/anaconda-screenshots/

    您å¯ä»¥åœ¨æ–°å®‰è£å¥½çš„系統é‡æ–°é–‹æ©Ÿå¾Œå­˜å–這些螢幕縮圖。

  • parted ç£ç¢Ÿåˆ†å‰²è™•ç†ç¨‹å¼å·²ç¶“å‡ç´šåˆ° 1.6 版本。

  • 想è¦å‡ç´š Red Hat Linux 6.2 系統到 Red Hat Linux 9 的使用者，必須在å‡ç´šç¨‹åºé–‹å§‹ä¹‹å‰ï¼Œ 先更新所有的程å¼éŒ¯èª¤ä¿®æ­£ã€‚ 最直接的方法是使用 Red Hat Network。 未完全更新的 Red Hat Linux 6.2 系統將無法順利å‡ç´šè‡³ Red Hat Linux 9。

  • 使用åºåˆ—終端機的文字模å¼å®‰è£åœ¨çµ‚ç«¯æ©Ÿæ”¯æ´ UTF-8 編碼時é‹ä½œæœ€ä½³ã€‚ 在 UNIX 與 Linux 下，Kermit æ”¯æ´ UTF-8。 而在 Windows 下，Kermit '95 也é‹ä½œçš„ä¸éŒ¯ã€‚ 如果安è£æ™‚åªæœ‰ä½¿ç”¨è‹±æ–‡ï¼Œä¸æ”¯æ´ UTF-8 的終端機也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ã€‚ å¯ä»¥åœ¨é–‹æ©Ÿé¸é … å‚³é€ "utf8" 到安è£ç¨‹å¼ä¾†ä½¿ç”¨ä¸€å€‹åŠŸèƒ½å¼·åŒ–çš„åºåˆ—顯示。 例如：

    linux console=ttyS0 utf8

一般摘è¦

這個部份æ述後安è£éšŽæ®µçš„議題。

  • 當從執行 Ximian GNOME çš„ Red Hat Linux 6.<x>, 7.<x>, 8.0 ä»¥åŠ 9 系統 åšå‡ç´šæ™‚，已經有許多已知的å•é¡Œã€‚ 這個å•é¡Œç”±å®˜æ–¹ç‰ˆçš„ Red Hat Linux RPMs 與 Ximian RPMs 之間的版本é‡ç–Šæ‰€å¼•èµ·ã€‚ 請注æ„如此的設定是ä¸å— Red Hat 支æ´çš„。 為了解決 這個å•é¡Œï¼Œæ‚¨æœ‰è¨±å¤šç¨®é¸æ“‡ï¼š

    1) 在å‡ç´š Red Hat Linux 系統之å‰ï¼Œæ‚¨å¯ä»¥å°‡ Ximian GNOME 從您的 Red Hat Linux 系統移除。

    2) 您å¯ä»¥å‡ç´š Red Hat Linux 系統，然後立å³é‡æ–°å®‰è£ Ximian GNOME。

    3) 您å¯ä»¥å‡ç´š Red Hat Linux 系統，然後立å³ç§»é™¤å‰©é¤˜çš„ Ximian RPMs， 並且用相å°æ‡‰çš„ Red Hat Linux RPMs å–代。

    您 å¿…é ˆ 使用以上的方法之一來解決版本é‡ç–Šçš„å•é¡Œã€‚ 沒有解決的話將導致ä¸ç©©å®šçš„ GNOME 設定。

  • 在 Red Hat Linux 最近的版本中，在 X 視窗系統下有一些與字型相關之議題的困惑之處。 ç›®å‰æœ‰å…©ç¨®å­—åž‹çš„å­ç³»çµ±ï¼Œæ¯ä¸€å€‹éƒ½å«æœ‰ä¸åŒçš„特徵：

    - 原始的（已使用 15 年以上）å­ç³»çµ±æ˜¯é—œæ–¼ã€Žä¸»è¦çš„ X å­—åž‹å­ç³»çµ±ã€ã€‚ 由這個å­ç³»æ‰€è™•ç†çš„字型並沒有作ç°éšŽä¿®é‚Šï¼Œå®ƒå€‘是由 X 伺æœç¨‹å¼æ‰€è™•ç†ï¼Œå稱類似:

    -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--10-100-75-75-c-60-iso8859-1

    較新的字型å­ç³»çµ±å°±æ˜¯å·²çŸ¥çš„ "fontconfig"，它å…許應用程å¼ç›´æŽ¥å­˜å–字型檔案。 Fontconfig 通常與 "Xft" 函å¼åº«ä¸€ä½µä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œå®ƒå°‡å…許應用程å¼ä½¿ç”¨ç°éšŽä¿®é‚Šä¾†è™•ç† fontconfig 的字型到螢幕上。 Fontconfig 使用較好è½çš„å稱如:

    Luxi Sans-10

    在ä¸ä¹…的將來，fontconfig/Xft 將會å–代主è¦çš„ X å­—åž‹å­ç³»çµ±ï¼Œç›®å‰ä½¿ç”¨ Qt 3 或 GTK 2 工具組的應用程å¼ï¼ˆåŒ…括了 KDE 與 GNOME 的應用程å¼ï¼‰å·²ç¶“使用 fontconfig 與 Xft çš„å­—åž‹å­ç³»çµ±ï¼Œè‡³æ–¼å…¶ä»–大部分的程å¼å‰‡æ˜¯ä½¿ç”¨ä¸»è¦çš„ X 字型。

    往後的版本中，Red Hat 也許åªæ”¯æ´ fontconfig/Xft 以å–代 XFS 字型伺æœç¨‹å¼ï¼Œ 使它æˆç‚ºé è¨­çš„本機字型存å–方法。

    注æ„: å°æ–¼ä»¥ä¸Šæ‰€æçš„å­—åž‹å­ç³»çµ±ä½¿ç”¨æ–¹å¼ï¼Œæœ‰å…©å€‹ä¾‹å¤–的例å­: OpenOffice.org（使用它自己的字型處ç†æŠ€è¡“ï¼‰ï¼Œä»¥åŠ Mozilla（使用 fontconfig，ä¸æ˜¯ GTK 2）。

    å‡å¦‚您希望新增字型到您的 Red Hat Linux 9 系統，您必須è¦å…ˆçŸ¥é“所è¦é€²è¡Œçš„步驟 完全å–決於新字型è¦ä½¿ç”¨çš„å­—åž‹å­ç³»çµ±ã€‚ 至於主è¦çš„ X å­—åž‹å­ç³»çµ±ï¼Œæ‚¨å¿…須：

    1. 建立 /usr/share/fonts/local/ 目錄（如果它原本ä¸å­˜åœ¨çš„話）:

    mkdir /usr/share/fonts/local/

    å‡å¦‚您已經建立 /usr/share/fonts/local/，å†ä¾†æ‚¨å¿…é ˆ 將它加入到 X 字型伺æœç¨‹å¼ (xfs) 的路徑中：

    chkfontpath --add /usr/share/fonts/local/

    2. 複製新的字型檔案到 /usr/share/fonts/local/

    3. 您å¯ä»¥åŸ·è¡Œä¸‹åˆ—的指令來更新字型的資訊：

    ttmkfdir -d /usr/share/fonts/local/ -o /usr/share/fonts/local/fonts.scale

    4. 請使用下列的指令來é‡æ–°å•Ÿå‹• xfs 字型伺æœç¨‹å¼ï¼š

    service xfs reload

    增加新字型到 fontconfig çš„å­—åž‹å­ç³»çµ±æ˜¯æ¯”較直接的；åªéœ€è¦è¤‡è£½æ–°å­—型檔案到 /usr/share/fonts/ 目錄下å³å¯ï¼ˆä¸€èˆ¬ä½¿ç”¨è€…å¯ä»¥è—‰ç”±è¤‡è£½å­—型檔案到 ~/.fonts/ 目錄來修改他們個人的字型設定）。

    在複製完新字型後，請使用 fc-cache 指令來更新字型資訊的快å–：

    fc-cache <目錄>

    （這裡的 <目錄> å¯ä»¥æ˜¯ /usr/share/fonts/ 或 ~/.fonts/ 目錄。）

    一般的使用者也å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨åœ–形方å¼å®‰è£å­—型，å¯ä»¥åœ¨ Nautilus ç€è¦½ fonts:///，然後拖放新的字型檔案到這裡。

    注æ„： å‡å¦‚字型的檔案å稱以 ".gz" çµå°¾ï¼Œè¡¨ç¤ºå·²ç¶“使用 gzip 壓縮，在 fontconfig å­—åž‹å­ç³»çµ±ä½¿ç”¨è©²å­—åž‹å‰ï¼Œ 必須先解壓縮（使用 gunzip 指令）。

  • 由於轉æ›ä½¿ç”¨æ–°çš„字型系統在 fontconfig/Xft，GTK+ 1.2 的應用程å¼ä¸¦ä¸æœƒ å—到經由 Font Preferences å°è©±çª—所作變更的影響。 å°æ–¼é€™äº›æ‡‰ç”¨ç¨‹å¼ï¼Œå¯ä»¥å¢žåŠ ä¸‹åˆ—這幾行到 ~/.gtkrc.mine 檔案中來設定一種字型：

    style "user-font" {

    fontset = "<å­—åž‹è¦æ ¼>"

    }

    widget_class "*" style "user-font"

    (這裡的 <å­—åž‹è¦æ ¼> 表示由傳統的 X 應用程å¼æ‰€ä½¿ç”¨çš„å­—åž‹è¦æ ¼çš„樣å¼ï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚ "-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-*-*-*-*"。)

  • XFree86 的新特色包括：

    - Xcursor — 新的滑鼠游標程å¼ç¢¼ï¼Œå®ƒè®“您å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨é¡è‰²ã€ç°éšŽä¿®é‚Šã€æ··è‰² （åŠé€æ˜Žï¼‰ã€å‹•ç•«ã€ä½ˆæ™¯ä¸»é¡Œã€å„種大å°åœ¨æ»‘鼠的游標上。

    - ç¾åœ¨å·²æœ‰ ATI Radeon 9000, 9100, FireGL 8700, 8800 3D/2D/Xv 的支æ´ã€‚ ATI Radeon 9500 Pro 與 9700 Pro ä»¥åŠ ATI FireGL X1 與 Z1 ç¾åœ¨åƒ…æ”¯æ´ 2Dã€‚é€™å€‹ç™¼è¡Œç‰ˆæœ¬å·²ç¶“åŠ å…¥è¶…éŽ 30 種é¡å¤–çš„ ATI Rage 128 晶片組的支æ´ï¼Œ 應該å¯ä»¥æ¶µè“‹ç›®å‰æ‰€æœ‰çš„ Rage 128 晶片組。

    - Intel i845, i852, i855 與 i865 æ•´åˆçš„é¡¯ç¤ºæ”¯æ´ (2D/3D/Xvideo) 與較佳的 Intel i830 顯示支æ´ã€‚ Intel 的顯示驅動程å¼å·²ç¶“完全é‡æ–°èª¿æ•´ï¼Œ 並且大幅度的é‡æ–°æ’°å¯«éŽä»¥æ”¯æ´æ›´å¤šçš„硬體。 還有修正許多程å¼éŒ¯èª¤ä»¥åŠæä¾› 許多支æ´æ壞的筆記型電腦與主機æ¿çš„ BIOS （é™åˆ¶é¡¯ç¤ºè¨˜æ†¶é«”在 1Mb）。

    - å…¨æ–°æ”¯æ´ NVIDIA GeForce 4, nForce, GeForce 2 Go 以åŠè¨±å¤šç¨®å…¶ä»–çš„ NVIDIA 硬體。 而且 nv 的驅動程å¼å·²ç¶“被強化，å¯ä»¥ç”¨ä¾†è©¦è‘—自動åµæ¸¬æœªçŸ¥çš„ NVIDIA 晶片，雖然ä¸è¢«æ­£å¼æ”¯æ´ï¼Œä¸éŽæˆ–許å¯ä»¥è¦–它們為類似åŒç³»åˆ—有å—支æ´çš„其他晶片來使用它。 如åŒå‰ä¸€ç‰ˆæœ¬ï¼Œnv 驅動程å¼ä»ä¿æŒç‚ºåªé©ç”¨æ–¼ 2D 顯示。

    - 在這個發行摘è¦æˆªç¨¿æ™‚，NVIDIA 的二進制 3D 加速驅動程å¼é‚„無法與 Red Hat Linux 9 相容。 NVIDIA 已經明瞭這個å•é¡Œçš„存在，請查看 NVIDIA 的網站以å–得更新的資訊。

    - 已更新的 Savage 驅動程å¼ï¼Œå®ƒæ”¯æ´æœ€æ–°çš„ Savage 顯示晶片組並修正了許多的程å¼éŒ¯èª¤ã€‚

    - æ供了一個用於 National Semiconductor Geode 晶片組 nsc 的全新驅動程å¼ã€‚

    - 還有許多其他的顯示驅動程å¼æ›´æ–°èˆ‡æ”¹é€²ã€‚

    - 許多新的輸入驅動程å¼ï¼ŒåŒ…括 fpit, palmax, ur98 等等都已經被收錄。

  • é è¨­ä¸‹ï¼ŒSendmail 郵件傳é€ä»£ç† (MTA) 並ä¸æŽ¥å—從除了本機以外其他主機的 網路連線。 å‡å¦‚您想è¦è¨­å®š Sendmail 為其他用戶端的伺æœå™¨ï¼Œè«‹ç·¨è¼¯ /etc/mail/sendmail.mc 檔案，並更改 DAEMON_OPTIONS 也è½å–網路è£ç½® （或使用 dnl 這個註解å€éš”字元一併將這個é¸é …加上註解。） 然後您將需è¦åŸ·è¡Œä¸‹åˆ—指令（以 root 身份）來é‡æ–°ç”¢ç”Ÿ /etc/mail/sendmail.cf 檔案：

    make -C /etc/mail

    請注æ„æ‚¨å¿…é ˆæœ‰å®‰è£ sendmail-cf 套件æ‰èƒ½ä½¿ç”¨é€™å€‹åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚

  • CUPS ç¾åœ¨ç‚ºé è¨­çš„列å°æŽ’存器(spooler)，而建議您使用 redhat-config-printer 工具來設定它。 您也å¯ä»¥é¸å–『系統設定ã€ä¸­çš„ 『Printingã€é¸é …來啟動它。 LPRng ä»ç„¶å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œ 如果從之å‰ä½¿ç”¨ LPRng 的安è£åšå‡ç´šçš„話，系統將會繼續使用它。

  • GNOME Print Manager - ä¸€å€‹ç°¡å–®çš„åœ–å½¢åˆ—å° ä½‡åˆ—ç®¡ç†å·¥å…·ï¼Œç¾åœ¨å·²ç¶“收錄在這個版本中。 您也å¯ä»¥é¸å–『系統工具ã€ä¸­çš„ 『列å°ç®¡ç†å“¡ã€é¸é …來啟動它。 除此之外，當佇列中有 一項列å°å·¥ä½œæ™‚，在é¢æ¿çš„系統æ示å€åŸŸæœƒå‡ºç¾ä¸€å€‹åœ–示。

  • Red Hat Linux 9 包å«äº† Native POSIX Thread Library (NPTL)，它是 Linux 中一個新的 POSIX 執行緒的實作。 這個函å¼åº«ç‚º i686 以上的微處ç†å™¨æ供效能強化以åŠå¢žåŠ æ“´å±•æ€§ã€‚

    這個執行緒函å¼åº«æ˜¯è¨­è¨ˆä¾†èˆ‡èˆŠçš„ LinuxThreads å¯¦ä½œäºŒå…ƒç›¸å®¹çš„ï¼›ç„¶è€Œæ‡‰ç”¨ç¨‹å¼ å€šè³´å離 POSIX 標準之 LinuxThreads 實作的地方需è¦è¢«ä¿®æ­£ã€‚ 明顯的相異處包括：

    - 訊號的處ç†å·²ç¶“從æ¯ä¸€åŸ·è¡Œç·’(per-thread)的訊號處ç†æ”¹ç‚º POSIX 程åºè¨Šè™Ÿè™•ç†ã€‚

    - getpid() 傳回所有執行緒的相åŒæ•¸å€¼ã€‚

    - å‡å¦‚已使用 vfork()，註冊於 pthread_atfork 的執行緒處ç†ç¨‹å¼ä¸¦ä¸æœƒåŸ·è¡Œ — 缺少管ç†åŸ·è¡Œç·’

    使用 NPTL 有å•é¡Œçš„應用程å¼åŒ…括：

    - 1.4.1 版本之å‰çš„ Sun JRE

    - IBM JRE

    å‡å¦‚一個應用程å¼ç„¡æ³•èˆ‡ NPTL 正常é‹ä½œï¼Œå¯ä»¥è—‰ç”±è¨­å®šä¸‹åˆ—的環境變數以使用 舊å¼çš„ LinuxThreads 實作來執行它：

    LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=<核心版本>

    å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹åˆ—的版本：

    - 2.4.1 — å«æœ‰æµ®å‹•å †ç–Šçš„ Linux 執行緒

    - 2.2.5 — ä¸å«æµ®å‹•å †ç–Šçš„ Linux 執行緒

    å¯ä»¥å…¨ç³»çµ±æ€§çš„åœç”¨å‹•æ…‹é€£çµæ‡‰ç”¨ç¨‹å¼çš„ NPTL 支æ´ï¼Œåªè¦ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹åˆ—çš„é–‹æ©Ÿé¸é …：

    nosysinfo

  • 一個新的系統訊æ¯å·²ç¶“新增到 Red Hat Linux 9 中：

    應用程å¼éŒ¯èª¤ï¼š <應用程å¼å稱>(<應用程å¼ç¨‹åº ID>) 中的 SIGCHLD 設定為 SIG_IGN， ä¸éŽå»å‘¼å« wait()。（請閱讀 'man 2 wait' çš„ NOTE 部份）。 å¦ä¸€æ–¹æ³•å·²å•Ÿç”¨ã€‚

    這個訊æ¯ï¼ˆé¡¯ç¤ºåœ¨ç³»çµ±ä¸»æŽ§å°æˆ–系統紀錄檔中）指出應用程å¼åœ¨è™•ç†å­ç¨‹åºçš„æ–¹é¢ ä¸¦æ²’æœ‰å®Œå…¨åœ°åˆä¹Žæ¨™æº–。 å‡å¦‚您看到這個訊æ¯ï¼Œæ‚¨æ‡‰è©²è¦è­¦å‘Šè©²æ‡‰ç”¨ç¨‹å¼çš„開發者。

  • Python 已經編譯å«æœ‰ UCS4 支æ´ï¼ˆä»¥ 4 個ä½å…ƒçµ„表示的 Unicode 字元）， 以與 UCS2 相å°ã€‚ UCS4 å…許呈ç¾åœ¨åŸºæœ¬å¤šåœ‹èªžè¨€å­—é¢(Basic Multilingual Plane) 之外的字元。 因為這個變更，æŸäº›å…¶ä»–å”力廠商所æ供的函å¼åº«ä¹Ÿè¨±ç„¡æ³•ä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œ é‡æ–°ç·¨è­¯é€™äº›å‡½æ•¸åº«æ‡‰è©²è¶³ä»¥è§£æ±ºé€™å€‹å•é¡Œã€‚ 請注æ„，"純粹的" Python 模組 （以 python 撰寫的程å¼ç¢¼ï¼‰æˆ–ä¸ç›´æŽ¥ä½¿ç”¨ Unicode 的已編譯模組並ä¸å—這個變更影響。

  • fileutils, textutils, sh-utils ä»¥åŠ stat 套件已經被新版的 coreutils 套件所å–代。

  • åŒ…å« Network Administration Tool çš„ RPMs 已經更改å稱與功能。 redhat-config-network RPM 包å«é€™å€‹å·¥å…·çš„圖形使用者介é¢ï¼Œè€Œ redhat-config-network-tui 則包å«é€™å€‹å·¥å…·ï¼ˆä¼´éš¨å®ƒçš„文字使用者介é¢ï¼‰ã€‚

  • æ”¯æ´ XHTML1 — é‡æ–°æ ¼å¼åŒ– HTML 為 XML — 的功能已經改善了。 這是由於增加了 xhtml1-dtd 套件ã€å®‰è£ DTDs 到系統的 資料庫目錄以åŠå¢žåŠ åœ¨ libxml2 與 xsltproc 工具的原生支æ´ã€‚

  • redhat-switchmail 指令與套件已經é‡æ–°å‘½å為 redhat-switch-mail。 redhat-switchmail-gnome 套件已經é‡æ–°å‘½å為 redhat-switch-mail-gnome。

  • Oprofile 全系統性的分æžå·¥å…·å·²ç¶“被加入到 Red Hat Linux 9。 OProfile 是用來分æžç³»çµ±æ•ˆèƒ½çš„一種程å¼è¨­è¨ˆå¸«çš„工具，使用許多嵌入當代電腦中的特殊硬體。 OProfile 的說明文件å«æ‹¬åœ¨ oprofile 套件中， 在安è£å®Œ Red Hat Linux 9 後，請執行 rpm -qd oprofile 指令來å–å¾—å¯ä½¿ç”¨ä¹‹èªªæ˜Žæ–‡ä»¶çš„清單。 如需更詳細資訊，請åƒè€ƒ OProfile 的網站: http://oprofile.sourceforge.net。

  • GDB 的功能已經強化，ç¾å·²å…許由å¦ä¸€å€‹æª”案來讀å–應用程å¼çš„除錯資訊。 這樣使得我們å¯ä»¥å¾žäºŒé€²åˆ¶æª”案擷å–除錯資訊，並將之放入一個附加的套件。 在 Red Hat Linux 9 的開發階段，藉由實作特殊的 RPM 巨集來為幾乎所有的套件 產生 "debuginfo" 套件。 é è¨­è¨­å®šä¸‹ï¼Œåœ¨ Red Hat Linux 9 中的 RPM 巨集設定會產生 "debuginfo" 套件。 å‡å¦‚您正è¦å»ºç«‹å¥—件，而ä¸æƒ³è¦ç”¢ç”Ÿ "debuginfo" 套件，請加入以下這一行到您的 ~/.rpmmacros 檔案：

    %define debug_package %{nil}

套件的變更

下列的套件已經新增到 Red Hat Linux 9 中：

- bluez-libs — Bluetoothâ„¢ 工具程å¼çš„函å¼åº«

- bluez-utils — Bluetooth 工具程å¼

- bogl — 用於 Red Hat Linux 的安è£ç¨‹å¼ä¹‹é¡¯ç¤ºè¨˜æ†¶é«”的圖形函å¼åº«

- ckermit — å–代 gkermit

- coreutils — å–代 fileutils, textutils, sh-utils 與 stat

- desktop-printing — 拖放列å°èˆ‡åˆ—å°å·¥ä½œçš„圖示

- devlabel — 支æ´æŒçºŒæ€§çš„儲存è£ç½®å­˜å–

- elfutils — å–代 libelf

- fontilus — Nautilus 字型檢視器

- fonts-hebrew — 希伯來語字型

- gnome-icon-theme — 基礎 GNOME 環境的圖示

- gnome-themes — GNOME 環境中佈景主題的收集

- gstreamer — 多媒體çµæ§‹å‡½å¼åº«

- gstreamer-plugins — gstreamer 的輸入與輸出æ’件

- gthumb — 圖åƒæª¢è¦–器

- hpoj — HP OfficeJet 的支æ´

- jwhois — å–代 whois

- libgnomeprint22 — 更新的函å¼åº«

- libgnomeprintui22 — 更新的函å¼åº«

- libgsf — 用來讀å–/寫入çµæ§‹æª”案的函å¼åº«

- nautilus-cd-burner — Nautilus 的光碟燒錄支æ´

- nautilus-media — Nautilus 的音效播放支æ´

- openssl096b — 相容性維護套件

- postgresql-odbc — 用於 PostgreSQL çš„ ODBC 支æ´

- postgresql72-libs — PostgreSQL 7.2 的相容函å¼åº«

- printman — 列å°ä½‡åˆ—管ç†ç¨‹å¼

- pyorbit — å–代 orbit-python

- redhat-config-samba — Samba 組態設定工具

- redhat-switch-mail — redhat-switchmail çš„é‡æ–°å‘½å

- soup — SOAP 實作函å¼åº«

- startup-notification — 支æ´ç³»çµ±å¿™ç¢Œçš„游標圖形

- subversion — 版本控制系統

- tsclient — VNS 與 Windows Terminal Server çš„ GUI 用戶程å¼

- ttmkfdir — 與 XFree86 分開

- vconfig — VLAN (802.1q) 的設定程å¼

- xhtml1-dtds — XHTML1 支æ´

下列的套件已經從 Red Hat Linux 9 中移除：

- WindowMaker — 程å¼é–‹ç™¼è€…的資æºå¾ˆæœ‰é™

- Xft — 已整åˆåˆ° XFree86

- Xtest — å·²ä¸å† Anaconda 所使用

- anonftp — 其功能性已加入 vsftpd 套件中

- bdflush — å·²ä¸å†éœ€è¦ï¼ˆåªéœ€ç”¨æ–¼ 2.2 核心）

- fileutils — ç”± coreutils 所å–代

- fortune-mod — 版權狀æ³å¾ˆå«æ··

- gkermit — ç”± ckermit 所å–代

- ipvsadm — ä¸å†æ˜¯ Red Hat Linux 產å“資料檔的一部分

- kbdconfig — ç”± redhat-config-keyboard 所å–代

- kernel-uml — 實驗性質的套件，已移除

- ksymoops — å·²ä¸å†è¢«æ ¸å¿ƒæ‰€ä½¿ç”¨

- libelf — ç”± elfutils 所å–代

- librpm404 — ä¸å†éœ€è¦ç›¸å®¹å‡½å¼åº«

- libxml10 — ä¸å†éœ€è¦ç›¸å®¹å‡½å¼åº«

- mouseconfig — ç”± redhat-config-mouse 所å–代

- openldap12 — ä¸å†éœ€è¦çš„相容函å¼åº«

- openssl095a — ä¸å†éœ€è¦çš„相容函å¼åº«

- orbit-python — ç”± pyorbit 所å–代

- php-dbg-base — 沒有使用於發行版本中

- php-dbg-client — 沒有使用於發行版本中

- php-dbg-server — 沒有使用於發行版本中

- redhat-switchmail — é‡æ–°å‘½å為 redhat-switch-mail

- rhmask — Red Hat ä¸å†ç™¼è¡Œ rhmask 檔案

- rpm2html — 作者決定廢除該程å¼

- sh-utils — ç”± coreutils 所å–代

- stat — ç”± coreutils 所å–代

- textutils — ç”± coreutils 所å–代

- timeconfig — ç”± redhat-config-date 所å–代

- whois — ç”± jwhois 所å–代

- wine — 程å¼é–‹ç™¼è€…的資æºå¾ˆæœ‰é™

- wmapm — Windowmaker 移除的一部分

- wmclock — Windowmaker 移除的一部分

- wmix — Windowmaker 移除的一部分

- wu-ftpd — vsftpd 是 FTP 系統程å¼çš„建議é¸é …

- xtoolwait — 沒有用於發行版本中

下列的套件已經éŽæ™‚，也許會在未來的 Red Hat Linux 版本中移除：

- pine — 版權方é¢çš„å•é¡Œ

- LPRng — CUPS 為列å°è§£æ±ºæ–¹æ¡ˆçš„建議é¸é …

- Glide3 — 跨多平å°çš„å•é¡Œ

- lilo — GRUB 為開機管ç†ç¨‹å¼çš„建議é¸é …

- sndconfig — ä¸å†éœ€è¦ç”¨æ–¼ä¸»æµçš„硬體

- ncpfs — ä¸å†æ˜¯ Red Hat Linux 產å“資料檔的一部份

- mars-nwe — ä¸å†æ˜¯ Red Hat Linux 產å“資料檔的一部份

核心摘è¦

這個部份å«æ‹¬ Red Hat Linux 9 中核心的相關議題。

  • 特別摘è¦: 在一開始的兩個公開的 beta 測試版本中所加入 到核心的 ACL 支æ´å·²ç¶“被證明相當ä¸ç©©å®šï¼Œè€Œä¸”導致核心有逆行的情æ³ã€‚ å› æ­¤ Red Hat 決定從 Red Hat Linux 9 版本中移除核心中的 ACL 支æ´ã€‚ 從事核心開發的工程師將會 繼續努力改善 ACL 的支æ´ï¼Œä½¿å…¶èƒ½æ”¶éŒ„在未來的發行版本中。 需è¦ç”¨ä¾†æ”¯æ´ ACLs çš„ attr 與 acl 套件ä»æ”¶éŒ„在這個 版本中，以便有興趣的使用者或開發者用來測試 ACLs。 å‡å¦‚æœªä¾†çš„æ¸¬è©¦ç™¼ç¾ ACL 的支æ´å·²ç¶“在å“質上有相當大的進步，Red Hat 也許會斟酌情æ³è—‰ç”±å‡ç´šçš„æ–¹å¼ä¾†ç‚º 這個發行版本的 Red Hat Linux æä¾› ACL 支æ´ã€‚

  • å…許安è£åˆ°å«æœ‰ Intel 440GX 晶片組之系統的 apic é–‹æ©Ÿé¸é …已經被移除了，因為它造æˆèˆ‡è¨±å¤šè¼ƒæ–°ç³»çµ±çš„è¡çªã€‚ 例如導致 SMM(System Management Mode) 無法正常é‹ä½œï¼Œç”šè‡³ç„¡æ³•ä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œä¸¦å°Žè‡´åœ¨æŸäº›ç³»çµ±ä¸Šçš„安è£å¤±æ•—。 移除 apic é–‹æ©Ÿé¸é …將使得å¯ä»¥æˆåŠŸå®‰è£åˆ°é€™äº›è¼ƒæ–°çš„系統。

    ç›®å‰å·²æ供一個ä¸åŒçš„方法以使å«æœ‰ Intel 440GX 晶片組的系統順利開機， 這個方法是自動啟用的，並ä¸éœ€è¦æ‚¨åšä»»ä½•çš„動作。 å‡å¦‚您有一部 Intel 440GX ç‚ºåŸºç¤Žçš„ç³»çµ±ï¼Œè€Œä¸”ç„¡æ³•å®‰è£ Red Hat Linux 9，ä¸éŽå»å¯é †åˆ©å®‰è£ä¹‹å‰ç‰ˆæœ¬çš„ Red Hat Linux，請回報一份 程å¼éŒ¯èª¤å ±å‘Šï¼Œä¸¦ä»¥ root身份執行 dmidecode 程å¼ï¼Œå°‡è¼¸å‡ºå«æ‹¬ 在您的程å¼éŒ¯èª¤å ±å‘Šã€‚然而請注æ„絕ä¸å¯èƒ½é †åˆ©å®‰è£ Red Hat Linux 9。

    åªåœ¨ç›¡æœ€å¤§åŠªåŠ›çš„情æ³ä¸‹æ‰æœ‰è¾¦æ³•æ”¯æ´å«æœ‰ 440GX 晶片組的系統，因此我們很歡迎 關於å«æœ‰ 440GX 晶片組系統的程å¼éŒ¯èª¤å ±å‘Šï¼Œä¸éŽæˆ‘們並ä¸ä¿è­‰å¯ä»¥è§£æ±ºé€™å€‹å•é¡Œã€‚

  • 為了使核心支æ´æœ€æ–°çš„ NPTL 的特色，許多內部的核心程å¼ä»‹é¢éƒ½å·²åšäº†é‡å¤§çš„變動。 因此，許多外部的核心模組在未經修改以符åˆæ–°ä»‹é¢ä¹‹å‰ï¼Œå°‡ç„¡æ³•ç·¨è­¯ã€‚ 包括了 NVIDIA 與 ATI 3D 模組，以åŠä½¿ç”¨æ ¸å¿ƒåŸ·è¡Œç·’亦或訊號的任何其他的模組。

Red Hat Linux 9 å‘行注记

Red Hat Linux 9 å‘行注记

Copyright © 2003 Red Hat, Inc.

硬件需求

以下信æ¯ä»£è¡¨è¦æˆåŠŸå®‰è£… Red Hat Linux 9 所需的最低硬件需求。

CPU：

- 最低：Pentium 系列

- 为文本模å¼æŽ¨è：200 MHz Pentium 系列或更高

- 为图形化模å¼æŽ¨è：400 MHz Pentium II 或更高

硬盘空间（注æ„：用户数æ®éœ€è¦æ›´å¤šç©ºé—´ï¼‰ï¼š

- 定制安装（最少）：475MB

- æœåŠ¡å™¨ï¼ˆè‡³å°‘）：850MB

- 个人桌é¢ï¼š1.7GB

- 工作站：2.1GB

- 定制安装（全部）：5.0GB

内存：

- 文本模å¼è‡³å°‘需è¦ï¼š64MB

- 图形化模å¼è‡³å°‘需è¦ï¼š128MB

- 图形化模å¼æŽ¨è使用：192MB

注æ„，æŸäº›æŒ‡å®šå®‰è£…模å¼ä»¥åŠï¼ˆæˆ–者）安装åŽçš„使用å¯èƒ½éœ€è¦å…¶å®ƒç¡¬ä»¶éƒ¨ä»¶ï¼ˆå¦‚视频å¡å’Œç½‘å¡ï¼‰çš„兼容性或å¯ç”¨æ€§ã€‚关于硬件兼容性的详情，请å‚阅 http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/ 上的硬件兼容性列表。

与安装相关的备注

本节概述了与 Anaconda（Red Hat Linux 安装程åºï¼‰å’Œå®‰è£… Red Hat Linux 9 相关的问题。

  • Red Hat Linux 安装程åºå…·æœ‰å†…建的测试安装介质完好性的能力。它å¯ä»¥ç”¨åœ¨ CDã€DVDã€ç¡¬ç›˜ ISO å’Œ NFS ISO 安装方法中。Red Hat 建议您在安装å‰ä»¥åŠæŠ¥å‘Šä»»ä½•å®‰è£…问题å‰æµ‹è¯•æ‰€æœ‰å®‰è£…介质（许多æ交的错误是由ä¸æ­£ç¡®åˆ»å½•çš„光盘造æˆçš„）。è¦æ‰§è¡Œæµ‹è¯•ï¼Œåœ¨ boot: æ示下键入 linux mediacheck 命令。

  • 多数现代计算机能够通过直接从第一张 Red Hat Linux å‘行版光盘中引导而å¯åŠ¨å®‰è£…进程，æŸäº›ç¡¬ä»¶é…置需è¦ä½¿ç”¨å¼•å¯¼ç›˜ã€‚如果你的硬件需è¦å¼•å¯¼ç›˜ï¼Œä½ åº”该留æ„下列改å˜ã€‚

    Red Hat Linux 9 使用和从å‰çš„ Red Hat Linux 版本ä¸åŒçš„引导盘布局。 本版本åªä½¿ç”¨ä¸€ä¸ªå¼•å¯¼ç›˜æ˜ åƒæ–‡ä»¶ï¼ˆbootdisk.img）æ¥å¼•å¯¼æ‰€æœ‰éœ€è¦å¼•å¯¼ç›˜çš„系统。

    如果你从 IDE 或 USB 设备中执行安装以外的任务，你会被è¦æ±‚æ’入根æ®ä¸‹åˆ—映åƒæ–‡ä»¶ä¹‹ä¸€åˆ›å»ºçš„驱动程åºç›˜ï¼š

    - drvnet.img — 用于网络安装

    - drvblock.img — 用于 SCSI 安装

    - pcmciadd.img — 用于 PCMCIA 安装

    和从å‰å‘行的 Red Hat Linux 一样，这些映åƒæ–‡ä»¶å¯ä»¥åœ¨ç¬¬ä¸€å¼ å®‰è£…光盘上的 images/ 目录中找到。

  • 在 images/ 目录中还有一个 boot.iso 文件。该文件是å¯ç”¨æ¥å¼•å¯¼ Red Hat Linux 安装程åºçš„ ISO 映åƒã€‚这是一ç§ä¸å¿…使用多个ç£ç›˜è€Œå¯åŠ¨åŸºäºŽç½‘络的安装的简æ´æ–¹æ³•ã€‚è¦ä½¿ç”¨ boot.iso，你的计算机必须能够从光盘驱动器引导，并且计算机的 BIOS 设置也必须è¦å¦‚æ­¤é…置。然åŽï¼Œä½ å¿…须把 boot.iso 刻录到一个å¯åˆ»å½•æˆ–é‡å†™çš„光盘上。

  • æ•‘æ´æ¨¡å¼çŽ¯å¢ƒï¼ˆä½¿ç”¨â€œlinux rescueâ€å¼•å¯¼æ—¶é—´å‘½ä»¤æ¥è¿›å…¥ï¼‰å·²è¢«å¢žè¿›ã€‚其中增加了许多被大é‡è¦æ±‚的工具程åºï¼Œè€Œä¸”还支æŒæ¿€æ´»ç½‘络界é¢ã€‚SCSI ç£å¸¦æ”¯æŒæ‰€éœ€çš„命令现在也å¯ç”¨ã€‚请测试该环境并给我们æä¾›å馈。

    如果你选择è¦åœ¨æ•‘æ´æ¨¡å¼ä¸­æŒ‚载一个已存的安装，而且这个已存的安装中安装了说明书（man） 页，那么在救æ´çŽ¯å¢ƒä¸­ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ man 命令。

  • Red Hat Linux 安装程åºçŽ°åœ¨ä¼šæ£€æµ‹ä½ çš„系统上现存的 Red Hat 产å“，并æ示你指明è¦å‡çº§çš„产å“。你还å¯ä»¥æ‹¥æœ‰æ‰§è¡Œå®Œå…¨é‡æ–°å®‰è£…而éžå‡çº§çš„选择。请报告任何与这项新特性有关的问题。

    如果 /etc/redhat-release 文件的内容已ç»ä»Žé»˜è®¤å†…容改å˜äº†ï¼Œåœ¨è¯•å›¾å‡çº§ Red Hat Linux 9 æ—¶å¯ä»¥ä¼šæ‰¾ä¸åˆ°ä½ çš„ Red Hat Linux 安装。

    ä½ å¯ä»¥åœ¨ boot: æ示åŽè¾“入以下命令æ¥æ”¾æ¾å¯¹è¿™ä¸ªæ–‡ä»¶çš„æŸäº›æ£€æŸ¥ï¼š

    linux upgradeany

    åªæœ‰åœ¨ä½ çŽ°å­˜çš„ Red Hat Linux 安装没有被检测到时æ‰ä½¿ç”¨ upgradeany 选项。

  • isolinux 现在被用æ¥å¼•å¯¼ Red Hat Linux 安装光盘。如果你从光盘引导 é‡åˆ°é—®é¢˜ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥æ ¹æ®ã€ŠRed Hat Linux 安装指å—》中的说明把images/bootdisk.img 映åƒå†™å…¥è½¯ç›˜ã€‚

  • 在图形化安装中，你现在å¯ä»¥æŒ‰SHIFT-Print Screen æ¥æ‹æ‘„当å‰å®‰è£…å±å¹•çš„快照。它们被贮存在以下目录中：

    /root/anaconda-screenshots/

    当新安装的系统é‡æ–°å¼•å¯¼åŽï¼Œè¿™äº›å±å¹•å¿«ç…§å°±å¯ä»¥è¢«å­˜å–。

  • parted ç£ç›˜åˆ†åŒºå¤„ç†ç¨‹åºå·²è¢«æ›´æ–°åˆ°ç‰ˆæœ¬ 1.6。

  • 想把他们的系统从 Red Hat Linux 6.2 å‡çº§åˆ° Red Hat Linux 9 的用户必须首先应用勘误更新æ‰èƒ½å¼€å§‹è¿›è¡Œå‡çº§ã€‚达到这一目的的最直接方å¼æ˜¯ä½¿ç”¨ Red Hat 网络。没有完全被更新的 Red Hat Linux 6.2 系统将ä¸ä¼šè¢«æˆåŠŸå‡çº§åˆ° Red Hat Linux 9。

  • 使用串å£ç»ˆç«¯çš„文本模å¼å®‰è£…最åŽåœ¨ç»ˆç«¯æ”¯æŒ UTF-8 的情况下使用。在 UNIX å’Œ Linux 下，Kermit æ”¯æŒ UTF-8。在 Windows 下，Kermit '95 也è¿è¡Œå¾—ä¸é”™ã€‚如果安装中使用英语，ä¸å…·å¤‡ UTF-8 能力的终端也能够è¿è¡Œã€‚被增强的窗å£æ˜¾ç¤ºå¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡ç»™å®‰è£…程åºä¼ é€’“utf8â€å¼•å¯¼æ—¶é—´é€‰é¡¹æ¥ä½¿ç”¨ã€‚例如：

    linux console=ttyS0 utf8

常规备注

本节æ述安装åŽçš„问题。

  • 在å‡çº§è¿è¡Œ Ximian GNOME çš„ Red Hat Linux 6.<x>, 7.<x>, 8.0 å’Œ 9 系统时，存在一些已观察到的问题。这个问题是由正å¼ç‰ˆ Red Hat Linux RPM å’Œ Ximian RPM 之间的版本é‡å¤é€ æˆçš„。该é…ç½®ä¸è¢« Red Hat 支æŒã€‚您å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ä¸‹é¢å‡ ç§æ–¹æ³•æ¥è§£å†³è¿™ä¸ªé—®é¢˜ï¼š

    1) 您å¯ä»¥åœ¨å‡çº§ Red Hat Linux å‰ä»Žæ‚¨çš„ Red Hat Linux 系统上把 Ximian GNOME 删除。

    2) 您å¯ä»¥å‡çº§ Red Hat Linux，然åŽç«‹å³é‡è£… Ximian GNOME。

    3) 您å¯ä»¥å‡çº§ Red Hat Linux，之åŽç«‹å³åˆ é™¤æ‰€æœ‰å‰©ä½™çš„ Ximian RPM，然åŽç”¨å¯¹åº”çš„ Red Hat Linux RPM æ¥ä»£æ›¿å®ƒä»¬ã€‚

    你必须使用以上一ç§æ–¹æ³•æ¥è§£å†³ç‰ˆæœ¬é‡å¤é—®é¢˜ã€‚å¦åˆ™ä¼šé€ æˆä¸ç¨³å®šçš„ GNOME é…置。

  • 在最近的几个 Red Hat Linux 版本中，X 窗å£ç³»ç»Ÿä¸‹çš„与字体有关的问题有些令人迷惑。目å‰ï¼Œå…¶ä¸­æœ‰ä¸¤ç§å¸¦æœ‰ä¸åŒç‰¹ç‚¹çš„å­ç³»ç»Ÿï¼š

    - 原始的（已有 15 年以上历å²ï¼‰å­ç³»ç»Ÿè¢«ç§°ä¸ºâ€œæ ¸å¿ƒ X 字体å­ç³»ç»Ÿâ€ã€‚由这个å­ç³»ç»Ÿç»˜åˆ¶çš„字体ä¸æ˜¯å¹³æ»‘字体，它们由 X æœåŠ¡å™¨å¤„ç†ï¼Œå称类似：

    -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--10-100-75-75-c-60-iso8859-1

    新的字体å­ç³»ç»Ÿè¢«ç§°ä¸ºâ€œfontconfigâ€ã€‚它å…许应用程åºç›´æŽ¥ä½¿ç”¨å­—体文件。fontconfig ç»å¸¸ä¸Žâ€œXftâ€åº“一起使用，这会å…许应用程åºåœ¨å±å¹•ä¸Šç»˜åˆ¶å¹³æ»‘字体。fontconfig 使用的å称更有“人情味儿â€ï¼Œå®ƒä»¬ç±»ä¼¼ï¼š

    Luxi Sans-10

    éšç€æ—¶é—´çš„推移，fontconfig/Xft 将会å–代核心 X 字体å­ç³»ç»Ÿã€‚ç›®å‰ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨ Qt 3 或 GTK 2 工具包（包括 KDE å’Œ GNOME 应用程åºï¼‰çš„应用程åºä½¿ç”¨ fontconfig å’Œ Xft 字体å­ç³»ç»Ÿï¼›å…¶å®ƒç¨‹åºå¤šæ•°ä½¿ç”¨æ ¸å¿ƒ X 字体。

    Red Hat 在未æ¥å¯èƒ½ä¼šä»…æ”¯æŒ fontconfig/Xft 作为默认的本地字体访问方法æ¥å–代 XFS 字体æœåŠ¡å™¨ã€‚

    注æ„：以上列出的字体å­ç³»ç»Ÿç”¨æ³•æœ‰ä¸¤ä¸ªä¾‹å¤–。它们是 OpenOffice.org（使用它自己的字体绘制技术）和 Mozilla （使用 fontconfig，但ä¸æ˜¯ GTK 2）。

    如果你想给你的 Red Hat Linux 9 系统添加新字体，根æ®ä½¿ç”¨æ–°å­—体的字体å­ç³»ç»Ÿè€Œå®šï¼Œä½ å¿…须明确所需步骤。对于核心 X 字体å­ç³»ç»Ÿï¼Œä½ å¿…须：

    1. 创建 /usr/share/fonts/local/ 目录（如果它ä¸å­˜åœ¨ï¼‰ï¼š

    mkdir /usr/share/fonts/local/

    如果你必须è¦åˆ›å»º /usr/share/fonts/local/，你就必须把它添加到 X 字体æœåŠ¡å™¨çš„路径中：

    chkfontpath --add /usr/share/fonts/local/

    2. 把新字体文件å¤åˆ¶åˆ° /usr/share/fonts/local/ 中

    3. 使用以下命令æ¥æ›´æ–°å­—体信æ¯ï¼š

    ttmkfdir -d /usr/share/fonts/local/ -o /usr/share/fonts/local/fonts.scale

    4. 使用以下命令æ¥é‡æ–°å¯åŠ¨ xfs 字体æœåŠ¡å™¨ï¼š

    service xfs reload

    把新字体添加到 fontconfig 字体å­ç³»ç»Ÿæ¯”较简å•æ˜Žäº†ï¼›åªéœ€æŠŠæ–°å­—体å¤åˆ¶åˆ° /usr/share/fonts/ 目录中å³å¯ï¼ˆä¸ªä½“用户å¯ä»¥æŠŠæ–°å­—体å¤åˆ¶åˆ° ~/.fonts/ 目录中æ¥ä¿®æ”¹ä»–们的个人字体é…置）。

    å¤åˆ¶äº†æ–°å­—体åŽï¼Œä½¿ç”¨ fc-cache æ¥æ›´æ–°å­—体信æ¯ç¼“存：

    fc-cache <directory>

    （这里的 <directory> 应该是 /usr/share/fonts/ 或 ~/.fonts/ 目录。）

    个体用户还å¯ä»¥å›¾å½¢åŒ–地安装字体。方法是：在 Nautilus 中æµè§ˆ fonts:///，然åŽæŠŠæ–°å­—体文件拖放到那里。

    注æ„：如果字体文件å以“.gzâ€ç»“尾，这表明它使用 gzip 被压缩，因而必须使用 gunzip æ¥è§£åŽ‹åŽï¼Œfontconfig 字体å­ç³»ç»Ÿæ‰èƒ½ä½¿ç”¨è¿™ä¸ªå­—体。

  • 鉴于å‘基于 fontconfig/Xft 的新字体系统的转æ¢ï¼ŒGTK+ 1.2 应用程åºå°†ä¸ä¼šè¢«ã€Œå­—体首选项ã€å¯¹è¯æ¡†ä¸­åšå‡ºçš„改å˜æ‰€å½±å“。 对于这些应用程åºï¼Œå­—体å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡åœ¨ ~/.gtkrc.mine 文件中添加以下几行æ¥é…置：

    style "user-font" {

    fontset = "<font-specification>"

    }

    widget_class "*" style "user-font"

    （这里的 <font-specification> 代表被传统的应用程åºä½¿ç”¨çš„字体规定，如“-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-*-*-*-*â€ã€‚）

  • XFree86 中包括的新特性有：

    - Xcursor — 新编的鼠标光标代ç ï¼Œå…许使用颜色ã€å¹³æ»‘字体ã€alpha 混和（é€æ˜Žï¼‰ã€åŠ¨ç”»ã€å¯ä½¿ç”¨ä¸»é¢˜ã€å¤šç§å¤§å°çš„鼠标指示器。

    - ATI Radeon 9000ã€9100ã€FireGL 8700ã€8800 3D/2D/Xv 支æŒçŽ°åœ¨å¯ç”¨ã€‚ATI Radeon 9500 Pro å’Œ 9700 Proï¼Œä»¥åŠ ATI FireGL X1 å’Œ Z1 çŽ°åœ¨ä»…æ”¯æŒ 2D。对é¢å¤–çš„ 30 ç§ä»¥ä¸Šçš„ ATI Rage 128 芯片集的支æŒä¹Ÿå·²åœ¨æœ¬æ¬¡å‘行版本中被添加，它现在应该包括了所有的现存Rage 128 芯片集。

    - Intel i845ã€i852ã€i855ã€å’Œ i865 集æˆè§†é¢‘支æŒï¼ˆ2D/3D/Xvideo），以åŠè¢«æ高了的 Intel i830 视频支æŒã€‚Intel 视频驱动程åºå·²è¢«å®Œå…¨é‡å»ºï¼Œå¤§éƒ¨ä»½è¢«é‡æ–°ç¼–写，从而æ高了其强å¥æ€§ï¼Œæ”¯æŒæ›´å¤šç¡¬ä»¶ã€‚许多错误以åŠè®¸å¤šä¸ºæŠŠå†…å­˜é™åˆ¶ä¸º 1MB çš„ä¸è‰¯çš„便æºç”µè„‘å’Œæ¯æ¿ BIOS 而æ供的绕行措施都被修正。

    - 对 NVIDIA GeForce 4ã€nForceã€GeForce 2 Go åŠå„类其它 NVIDIA 硬件新增支æŒã€‚而且，nv 驱动程åºå·²è¢«å¢žè¿›æ¥è¯•å›¾è‡ªåŠ¨æ£€æµ‹æœªçŸ¥çš„ã€å°šæœªæ­£å¼è¢«æ”¯æŒä½†åˆå¯èƒ½å¯ç”¨çš„ NVIDIA 芯片（因此没有被正å¼æ”¯æŒï¼‰ã€‚这是通过把它当作åŒæ—中与其相似的被支æŒçš„芯片æ¥è¾¾åˆ°çš„。如在从å‰å‘行版本中所用的 nv 驱动程åºä»æ—§åªæ”¯æŒ 2D。

    - 在å‘行注记定稿之使，NVIDIA 的仅二进制加速的3D 驱动程åºç›®å‰ä¸Ž Red Hat Linux 9 ä¸å…¼å®¹ã€‚NVIDIA 知é“这个问题的存在；有关它的情况，请观察 NVIDIA 网站上的更新。

    - 更新了的 Savage 驱动程åºï¼Œå®ƒæ”¯æŒæœ€æ–°çš„ Savage 视频芯片集，并修正了å„类错误。

    - æ供了用于 National Semiconductor Geode 芯片集的崭新驱动程åºï¼šnsc

    - 进行了许多对其它视频驱动程åºæ›´æ–°å’Œå¢žè¿›ã€‚

    - 新添了许多输入驱动程åºï¼ŒåŒ…括 fpitã€palmaxã€ur98 åŠå…¶å®ƒã€‚

  • 默认情况下，Sendmail é‚®ä»¶ä¼ è¾“ä»£ç† (MTA) ä¸æŽ¥å—æ¥è‡ªæœ¬åœ°è®¡ç®—机以外的主机的网络连接。如果您想把 Sendmail é…ç½®æˆå…¶å®ƒå®¢æˆ·çš„æœåŠ¡å™¨ï¼Œè¯·ç¼–辑 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc，并把 DAEMON_OPTIONS 行改å˜æˆå…¼å¬ç½‘络设备（或者使用 dnl æ¥æ³¨é‡ŠæŽ‰è¯¥é€‰é¡¹ï¼‰ã€‚您必须得è¿è¡Œä¸‹é¢çš„命令（以根身份）æ¥é‡æ–°ç”Ÿæˆ /etc/mail/sendmail.cf：

    make -C /etc/mail

    注æ„，您必须安装了 sendmail-cf 软件包æ‰èƒ½ä½¿ä¸Šé¢çš„命令å¥æ•ˆã€‚

  • CUPS 现在是默认的打å°å‡è„±æœºï¼Œredhat-config-printer 是我们推èæ¥é…置它的工具。它å¯ä»¥ä»Žã€Œç³»ç»Ÿè®¾ç½®ã€èœå•ä¸­å¯åŠ¨ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨å…¶ä¸­çš„「打å°ã€èœå•é¡¹ç›®ã€‚LPRng ä»è¢«æ供了，但是从从å‰ä½¿ç”¨ LPRng 的版本中å‡çº§å°†ä¸ä¼šå†ä½¿ç”¨å®ƒã€‚

  • GNOME 打å°ç®¡ç†å™¨è¿™ä¸ªç®€å•çš„图形化打å°é˜Ÿåˆ—管ç†å·¥å…·çŽ°å·²è¢«åŒ…括。它å¯ä»¥ä»Žã€Œç³»ç»Ÿå·¥å…·ã€èœå•ä¸Šå¯åŠ¨ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨å…¶ä¸­çš„「打å°ç®¡ç†å™¨ã€èœå•é¡¹ç›®ã€‚除此之外，当æŸæ‰“å°ä½œä¸šä½äºŽé˜Ÿåˆ—中时，一个图标会出现在é¢æ¿çš„系统通知区域。

  • Red Hat Linux 9 包括 Native POSIX Thread Library (NPTL)，它是 Linux çš„ POSIX 线程的新实现。该库为 i686 或更高的处ç†å™¨æ供了性能增进和增加了的å¯ç¼©æ”¾æ€§ã€‚

    该线程库的设计目标是与原有的 LinuxThreads 实现在二进制上兼容；ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œä¾èµ–于脱离 POSIX 标准的 LinuxThreads 实现之处的应用程åºå°†éœ€è¦è¢«ä¿®æ­£ã€‚值得注æ„çš„ä¸åŒä¹‹å¤„包括：

    - ä¿¡å·å¤„ç†å·²ä»Žæ¯çº¿ç¨‹ä¿¡å·å¤„ç†æ”¹æˆ POSIX 进程信å·å¤„ç†ã€‚

    - getpid() 在所有的线程中返回相åŒå€¼ã€‚

    - 如果使用了 vfork()，用 pthread_atfork 注册的线程处ç†ç¨‹åºå°±ä¸ä¼šè¿è¡Œã€‚

    使用 NPTL 时会é‡åˆ°é—®é¢˜çš„已知应用程åºåŒ…括：

    - 版本 1.4.1 之å‰çš„ Sun JRE

    - IBM JRE

    如果æŸåº”用程åºä½¿ç”¨ NPTL 无法正确è¿è¡Œï¼Œå®ƒå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨åŽŸæœ‰çš„ LinuxThreads 实现æ¥è¿è¡Œï¼Œæ–¹æ³•æ˜¯è®¾ç½®ä»¥ä¸‹çš„环境å˜é‡ï¼š

    LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=<kernel-version>

    å¯ç”¨çš„版本如下：

    - 2.4.1 — 带有浮动堆栈的 Linuxthreads

    - 2.2.5 — 没有浮动堆栈的 Linuxthreads

    所有动æ€é“¾æŽ¥çš„程åºçš„ NPTL 支æŒå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”¨ä»¥ä¸‹å¼•å¯¼æ—¶é—´é€‰é¡¹æ¥ç¦ç”¨ï¼š

    nosysinfo

  • 新系统消æ¯å·²è¢«æ·»åŠ åˆ° Red Hat Linux 9：

    应用程åºé”™è¯¯ï¼š<app-name> （<app-pid>）的 SIGCHLD 被设为 SIG_IGN，但å´è°ƒç”¨ wait()。（请å‚è§æœ¬æ³¨è®°ä¸­â€œman 2 waitâ€è¿™ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†ï¼‰ã€‚绕行措施被激活。

    该消æ¯ï¼ˆæ˜¾ç¤ºåœ¨ç³»ç»ŸæŽ§åˆ¶å°å’Œ/或系统日志文件）表明应用程åºåœ¨å¤„ç†å­è¿›ç¨‹æ–¹é¢æ²¡æœ‰å®Œå…¨ç¬¦åˆæ ‡å‡†ã€‚如果你看到了这æ¡æ¶ˆæ¯ï¼Œä½ åº”该警告该应用程åºçš„å¼€å‘者。

  • Python å·²ç»ç¼–译入了 UCS4 æ”¯æŒ (统一ç å­—符使用 4 个字节代表)，而ä¸æ˜¯ UCS2 支æŒã€‚UCS4 å…许你代表基本的多元平é¢ä¹‹å¤–的字符。由于这项改å˜ï¼ŒæŸäº›ç¬¬ä¸‰æ–¹åº“å¯èƒ½ä¼šåœæ­¢ç”Ÿæ•ˆï¼›é‡æ–°ç¼–译这些库应该能够解决这个问题。请注æ„，ä¸ç›´æŽ¥ä½¿ç”¨ç»Ÿä¸€ç çš„“纯â€python æ¨¡å— (使用 python 编写的模å—)，或编译的模å—ä¸å—这项改å˜çš„å½±å“。

  • fileutilsã€textutilsã€sh-utils å’Œ stat 软件包已被新的 coreutils 软件包代替。

  • 包å«ç½‘络管ç†å·¥å…·çš„ RPM已被é‡æ–°å‘½å，其功能也有所改å˜ã€‚redhat-config-network RPM 包å«è¿™ä¸ªå·¥å…·çš„图形化用户界é¢ï¼Œredhat-config-network-tui 包å«è¿™ä¸ªå·¥å…·æœ¬èº« (åŠå…¶åŸºäºŽæ–‡æœ¬çš„用户界é¢)。

  • 对 XHTML1 çš„æ”¯æŒ â€” 在 XML 中对 HTML çš„é‡ç»„ — 已被æ高。 这是通过添加 xhtml1-dtd 软件包，在系统目录中安装 DTD，以åŠåœ¨ libxml2 å’Œ xsltproc 工具中添加原始支æŒæ¥è¾¾åˆ°çš„。

  • redhat-switchmail 命令和软件包已被é‡æ–°å‘½å为 redhat-switch-mail。redhat-switchmail-gnome 软件包已被é‡æ–°å‘½å为 redhat-switch-mail-gnome。

  • Oprofile 系统范围建档器已被添加到 Red Hat Linux 9。OProfile 是编程员用æ¥åˆ†æžç³»ç»Ÿæ€§èƒ½çš„工具。它使用在许多现代计算机中内建的特殊硬件。OProfile 的文档ä½äºŽ oprofile 软件包中；安装åŽï¼ŒRed Hat Linux 9, 使用 rpm -qd oprofile 命令æ¥èŽ·å–一个å¯ç”¨æ–‡æ¡£çš„列表。详情请å‚阅 OProfile 的网站：http://oprofile.sourceforge.net。

  • GDB 已被增进æ¥å…许应用程åºçš„调试信æ¯ä»Žä¸åŒçš„文件中被读å–。这使从库中抽å–调试信æ¯å¹¶æŠŠè¿™äº›ä¿¡æ¯æ”¾ç½®åœ¨é™„加软件包中æˆä¸ºå¯èƒ½ã€‚在 Red Hat Linux 9 çš„å¼€å‘过程中，通过实现特殊的 RPM å®æŒ‡ä»¤ï¼Œâ€œdebuginfoâ€è½¯ä»¶åŒ…几乎为所有软件包生æˆã€‚按照默认设置，Red Hat Linux 9 中的 RPM å®æŒ‡ä»¤é…置生æˆâ€œdebuginfoâ€è½¯ä»¶åŒ…，并把以下所示添加到你的 ~/.rpmmacros 文件：

    %define debug_package %{nil}

软件包改å˜

下列软件包已被添加到 Red Hat Linux 9：

- bluez-libs — 用于 Bluetoothâ„¢ 工具程åºçš„库

- bluez-utils — Bluetooth 工具程åº

- bogl —帧缓冲的图形化库，被 Red Hat Linux 安装程åºä½¿ç”¨

- ckermit — 代替 gkermit

- coreutils — 代替 fileutilsã€textutilsã€sh-utils å’Œ stat

- desktop-printing — 拖放打å°å’Œæ‰“å°ä½œä¸šå›¾æ ‡

- devlabel — 对进入æŒä¹…性贮存设备的支æŒ

- elfutils — 代替 libelf

- fontilus — Nautilus 的字体查看器

- fonts-hebrew — 希伯莱语字体

- gnome-icon-theme — 基础 GNOME 环境的图标

- gnome-icon-theme — GNOME 环境的主题集åˆ

- gstreamer — 多媒体构架库

- gstreamer-plugins — gstreamer 的输入和输出æ’件

- gthumb — 图形查看器

- hpoj — HP OfficeJet 支æŒ

- jwhois — 代替 whois

- libgnomeprint22 — 更新的库

- libgnomeprintui22 — 更新的库

- libgsf — 读写有结构文件的库

- nautilus-cd-burner — 对 Nautilus 的光盘刻录支æŒ

- nautilus-media — 对 Nautilus 的音频播放支æŒ

- openssl096b — 兼容性维护软件包

- postgresql-odbc — 用于 PostgreSQL çš„ ODBC 支æŒ

- postgresql72-libs — PostgreSQL 7.2 兼容库。

- printman — 打å°é˜Ÿåˆ—管ç†

- pyorbit — 代替 orbit-python

- redhat-config-samba — Samba é…置工具

- redhat-switch-mail — 从 redhat-switchmail 被改å

- soup — SOAP 实现库

- startup-notification — 对忙碌光标的支æŒ

- subversion — 版本控制系统

- tsclient — VNS å’Œ 窗å£ç»ˆç«¯æœåŠ¡å™¨çš„ GUI 客户

- ttmkfdir — 从 XFree86 分离出

- vconfig — VLAN (802.1q) é…置程åº

- xhtml1-dtds — XHTML1 支æŒ

下列软件包已从 Red Hat Linux 9 中被删除：

- WindowMaker — å¼€å‘者资æºé™å®š

- Xft — 集æˆåˆ° XFree86

- sndconfig —ä¸å†è¢« Anaconda 所需è¦

- anonftp — 其功能被并入 vsftpd 软件包

- bdflush — ä¸å†éœ€è¦ï¼ˆä»…被 2.2 内核所需）

- fileutils — 被 coreutils 代替

- fortune-mod — ä¸æ˜Žç‰ˆæƒçŠ¶æ€

- gkermit — 被 ckermit 代替

- ipvsadm — ä¸å†æ˜¯ Red Hat Linux 产å“档案的一部分

- kbdconfig — 被 redhat-config-keyboard 代替

- kernel-uml — 试验性软件包，被删除

- ksymoops — ä¸å†è¢«å†…核需è¦

- libelf — 被 elfutils 代替

- librpm404 — ä¸å†è¢«å…¼å®¹åº“需è¦

- libxml10 — ä¸å†è¢«å…¼å®¹åº“需è¦

- mouseconfig — 被 redhat-config-mouse 代替

- openldap12 — ä¸å†è¢«å…¼å®¹åº“所需

- openssl095a — ä¸å†è¢«å…¼å®¹åº“需è¦

- orbit-python — 被 pyorbit 代替

- php-dbg-base — 没有在å‘行版本中使用

- php-dbg-client — 没有在å‘行版本中使用

- php-dbg-server — 没有在å‘行版本中使用

- redhat-switchmail — 被é‡æ–°å‘½å为 redhat-switch-mail

- rhmask — Red Hat ä¸å†å‘è¡Œ rhmask 文件

- rpm2html — 被作者标为过时

- sh-utils — 被 coreutils 代替

- stat — 被 coreutils 代替

- textutils — 被 coreutils 代替

- timeconfig — 被 redhat-config-date 代替

- whois — 被 jwhois 代替

- wine — å¼€å‘者资æºé™å®š

- wmapm — 是删除 Windowmaker 的一部分

- wmclock — 是删除 Windowmaker 的一部分

- wmix — 是删除 Windowmaker 的一部分

- wu-ftpd — vsftpd 是推èçš„ FTP 守护进程

- xtoolwait — 在å‘行版本中ä¸ä½¿ç”¨

下列软件包已ç»è¿‡æ—¶ï¼Œè®¸å¤šå°†ä¼šä»Žæœªæ¥çš„ Red Hat Linux 9 å‘行版本中被删除：

- pine — 和许å¯ç›¸å…³çš„问题

- LPRng — CUPS 是推è的打å°è§£å†³æ–¹æ¡ˆ

- Glide3 — 多平å°é—®é¢˜

- lilo — Grub 是我们推è的引导装载程åº

- sndconfig —ä¸å†è¢«ä¸»æµç¡¬ä»¶æ‰€éœ€è¦

- ncpfs — ä¸å†æ˜¯ Red Hat Linux 产å“档案的一部分

- mars-nwe — ä¸å†æ˜¯ Red Hat Linux 产å“档案的一部分

内核备注

本节涉åŠä¸Ž Red Hat Linux 9 内核相关的问题。

  • 特殊备注：在å‰ä¸¤ä¸ªå…¬å¼€ beta å‘行版本中添加到内核的ACL 支æŒè¢«è¯æ˜Žå°šä¸ç¨³å®šï¼Œå¹¶å¯¼è‡´äº†å†…核退化。因此，Red Hat在 Red Hat Linux 9 中将 ACL 支æŒä»Žå†…核中删除了。内核工程师将会继续致力于æä¾› ACL 支æŒçš„工作，它将会在未æ¥çš„å‘行版本中æ供。为方便那些希望测试 ACL 的用户和开å‘者，ACL 支æŒæ‰€éœ€çš„ attr å’Œ acl 软件包ä»è¢«åŒ…括了。若未æ¥çš„测试演示了 ACL 支æŒè´¨é‡æœ‰æ˜¾è‘—æ高，Red Hat å¯èƒ½ä¼šè‡ªè¡Œå†³å®šé€šè¿‡å‡çº§æ–¹å¼ä¸ºæœ¬æ¬¡å‘行的Red Hat Linux æä¾› ACL 支æŒã€‚

  • å…许在带有 Intel 440GX 芯片集的系统上安装的apic 引导时间选项已被删除，因为它导致与许多新系统间的冲çªã€‚譬如，它导致了 SMM (系统管ç†æ¨¡å¼) 失效或ä¸æ­£ç¡®è¿è¡Œï¼Œå¯¼è‡´äº†åœ¨é‚£äº›ç³»ç»Ÿä¸Šçš„安装失败。删除 apic 引导时间选项使这些较新的系统能够æˆåŠŸå®‰è£…。

    æ供了å¦ä¸€ç§ç»•è¡ŒæŽªæ–½ã€‚它至少会å…许æŸäº›å¸¦æœ‰ Intel 440GX 芯片集的系统被引导；这ç§ç»•è¡ŒæŽªæ–½è¢«è‡ªåŠ¨å¯ç”¨ï¼Œä½ ä¸å¿…åšä»»ä½•äº‹ã€‚如果你有一个基于 Intel 440GX 的系统，你无法安装 Red Hat Linux 9，但å´èƒ½å¤Ÿæ­£ç¡®å®‰è£… Red Hat Linux çš„å‰ä¸€ç‰ˆæœ¬ï¼Œè¯·æ交一份错误报告，并在错误报告中包括 dmidecode 程åºçš„输出(以根用户身份è¿è¡Œ)。ä¸è¿‡è¯·æ³¨æ„，åªæœ‰åœ¨ä½ æ ¹æœ¬æ— æ³•å®‰è£… Red Hat Linux 9 æ—¶æ‰æ交错误报告。

    使用 440GX 芯片集的系统åªåœ¨æœ€å¤§åŠªåŠ›çš„基础上被支æŒã€‚因此，我们欢迎您æ交有关基于 440GX 芯片集的系统的错误，但是我们有å¯èƒ½èƒ½å¤Ÿä¹Ÿæœ‰å¯èƒ½ä¸èƒ½å¤Ÿè§£å†³å®ƒä»¬ã€‚

  • 对新增的 NPTL 特性的内核支æŒæ˜¾è‘—地改å˜äº†å¥½å‡ ä¸ªå†…部内核编程界é¢ã€‚其结果是，好几ç§å¤–部编程界é¢å¦‚æžœä¸åšä¿®æ”¹å¯èƒ½ä¸ä¼šä¸Žæ–°ç•Œé¢å…¼å®¹ã€‚ç›®å‰è¿™æ ·çš„例å­åŒ…括 NVIDIA å’Œ ATI 3D 模å—，以åŠä»»ä½•ä½¿ç”¨å†…核线程和/或信å·çš„其它模å—。

Notas da Versão Red Hat Linux 9

Notas da Versão Red Hat Linux 9

Copyright © 2003 Red Hat, Inc.

Requisitos de Hardware

As informações seguintes representam os requisitos mínimos de hardware necessários para instalar Red Hat Linux 9 com sucesso:

CPU:

- Mínimo: Pentium-class

- Recomendado para modo texto: Pentium-class 200 MHz ou melhor

- Recomendado para modo gráfico: Pentium II 400 MHZ ou melhor

Espaço em disco rígido (NOTA: Será necessário espaço adicional para os dados do usuário):

- Instalação Personalizada (mínimo): 475MB

- Servidor (mínimo): 850MB

- Computador Pessoal: 1.7GB

- Estação de Trabalho: 2.1GB

- Instalação Personalizada (tudo): 5.0GB

Memória:

- Mínimo para modo texto: 64MB

- Mínimo para modo gráfico: 128MB

- Recomendado para modo gráfico: 192MB

Note que a compatibilidade/disponibilidade de outros componentes de hardware (tais como placas de vídeo e de rede) podem ser solicitadas para modos de instalação específicos e/ou para uso pós-instalação. Para mais informações sobre compatibilidade de hardware, consulte a Lista de Compatibilidade Red Hat Linux em http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/.

Notas Relacionadas à Instalação

Esta seção descreve questões relacionadas a Anaconda (o programa de instalação do Red Hat Linux) e à instalação do Red Hat Linux 9 em geral.

  • O programa de instalação Red Hat Linux é capaz de testar a integridade da mídia de instalação. Ele trabalha com os métodos de instalação de CD, DVD, disco rígido ISO e NFS ISO. Red Hat recomenda que você teste toda a mídia de instalação antes de iniciar o processo de instalação e antes de reportar qualquer erro relacionado à instalação (muitos dos erros reportados ocorrem em função de CDs mal-gravados). Para utilizar este teste, digite linux mediacheck no prompt boot:.

  • Enquanto a maioria dos computadores de hoje são capazes de iniciar o processo de instalação iniciando o primeiro CD de distribuição Red Hat Linux, algumas configurações de hardware necessitam o uso do disco 'boot'. Se o seu hardware requer o disco 'boot', você deve alertar para a seguinte mudança.

    Red Hat Linux 9 utiliza um disco 'boot' com layout diferente das versões anteriores do Red Hat Linux. Agora há apenas uma imagem de arquivo para o disco 'boot' (bootdisk.img) que é usada para todos os sistemas 'boot' que necessitam de um disco 'boot'.

    Se você está rodando qualquer outro programa a não ser uma instalação a partir de um dispositivo IDE ou USB, você deverá inserir um disquete de uma das seguintes imagens de arquivo:

    - drvnet.img — Para instalações de rede

    - drvblock.img — Para instalações SCSI

    - pcmciadd.img — Para instalações PCMCIA

    Assim como em versões anteriores do Red Hat Linux, estas imagens de arquivo podem ser encontradas no diretório images/ no primeiro CD de instalação.

  • O arquivo boot.iso também está no diretório images/. Este arquivo é uma imagem ISO que pode ser usada para iniciar o programa de instalação do Red Hat Linux. É uma maneira prática de começar instalações de rede sem precisar usar vários disquetes. Para usar boot.iso, seu computador deve ser capaz de iniciar a partir do drive de CD-ROM, e seu BIOS deve estar configurado para tal. Você deve então gravar boot.iso em um CD-ROM virgem ou regravável.

  • O ambiente do modo de recuperação (acessado ao iniciar com o comando "linux rescue") foi melhorado. Diversas utilidades solicitadas foram adicionadas e agora há suporte para ativação de interfaces de rede. Comandos necessários para suporte de fita SCSI também estão disponíveis. Por favor teste este ambiente e nos envie suas impressões.

    Se você escolher montar uma instalação existente em modo de recuperação e tiver páginas man nesta instalação, o comando man funcionará enquanto estiver no modo de recuperação.

  • O programa de instalação Red Hat Linux detecta agora produtos Red Hat existentes em seu sistema e questionará qual produto você quer atualizar. Você também terá a opção de rodar a reinstalação completa do sistema ao invés de atualizar. Por favor reporte qualquer problema que você tenha com esta nova funcionalidade.

    Se o conteúdo de seu arquivo /etc/redhat-release foi alterado em relação ao 'default', sua instalação Red Hat Linux talvez não seja encontrada quando você tentar atualizar para Red Hat Linux 9.

    Você pode facilitar algumas verificações neste arquivo inserindo o seguinte no prompt boot::

    linux upgradeany

    Utilize a opção upgradeany somente se a sua instalação Red Hat Linux não foi detectada.

  • isolinux agora é usado para iniciar o CD de instalação do Red Hat Linux. Se você tiver problemas em iniciar pelo CD, você pode escrever a imagem images/bootdisk.img para um disquete de acordo com as instruções no Manual de Instalação Red Hat Linux.

  • Durante uma instalação gráfica, você pode digitar SHIFT-Print Screen para que a imagem da tela de instalação corrente seja gravada. Estas imagens são armazenadas no seguinte diretório:

    /root/anaconda-screenshots/

    As imagens das telas podem ser acessadas uma vez que o sistema recém-instalado for reiniciado.

  • O programa de manipulação da partição de disco parted foi atualizado para a versão 1.6.

  • Usuários do Red Hat Linux 6.2 que queiram atualizar seus sistemas para Red Hat Linux 9 devem primeiramente aplicar todas as atualizações de erratas antes de começar o processo de atualização. A maneira mais direta de completar isto é através da Red Hat Network. Um sistema Red Hat Linux 6.2 que não estiver completamente atualizado, não poderá efetuar o 'upgrade' com sucesso para Red Hat Linux 9.

  • Instalações em modo texto usando um terminal de série funcionam melhor quando o terminal suporta UTF-8. Kermit suporta UTF-8 sob UNIX e Linux. Para o Windows, o Kermit '95 funciona bem. Terminais não compatíveis com UTF-8 funcionarão desde que somente o idioma Inglês seja usado na instalação. Um display de série melhorado pode ser usado passando "utf8" ao programa de instalação como uma opção de início. Por exemplo:

    linux console=ttyS0 utf8

Notas Gerais

Esta seção descreve questões sobre pós-instalação.

  • Alguns problemas foram observados ao atualizar os sitemas Red Hat Linux 6.<x>, 7.<x>, 8.0, e 9 rodando Ximian GNOME. O problema é causado por uma sobreposição de versões entre o Red Hat Linux RPMs oficial e o Ximian RPMs. Red Hat não suporta esta configuração. Você tem diversas opções para solucionar este problema:

    1) Você pode remover Ximian GNOME de seu sistema Red Hat Linux antes de atualizar o Red Hat Linux.

    2) Você pode atualizar Red Hat Linux e logo em seguida reinstalar Ximian GNOME.

    3) Você pode atualizar Red Hat Linux, logo em seguida remover todos os Ximian RPMs e substituí-los com os Red Hat Linux RPMs correspondentes.

    Você deve resolver a sobreposição de versões usando uma das opções acima. A falta de solução deste problema resultará em uma configuração instável do GNOME.

  • Houve algumas confusões em relação às questões de fonte sob o Sistema X Window em versões recentes do Red Hat Linux. No momento, há dois sub-sistemas de fonte, cada um com características diferentes:

    - O sub-sistema original (mais de 15 anos de idade) é referido como o "sub-sistema central de fonte X". Fontes administradas por este sub-sistema são arredondadas, manejadas pelo servidor X e têm nomes como:

    -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--10-100-75-75-c-60-iso8859-1

    O sub-sistema de fonte moderno é conhecido como "fontconfig" e permite às aplicações acesso direto aos arquivos de fonte. Fontconfig é comumente usado com a biblioteca "Xft", que permite às aplicações administrarem fontes fontconfig na tela com 'antialiasing'. Fontconfig usa nomes mais amigáveis como:

    Luxi Sans-10

    Com o passar do tempo, fontconfig/Xft irá substituir o sub-sistema central de fonte X. No momento, aplicações utilizando kits de ferramentas Qt 3 ou GTK 2 (inclusive aplicações do KDE e do GNOME) usam o sub-sistema de fonte fontconfig e Xft. Quase todas as outras usam as fontes centrais X.

    Futuramente, Red Hat talvez suporte somente fontconfig/Xft no lugar do servidor de fontes XFS como método 'default' de acesso a fontes locais.

    NOTA: Há duas exceções no uso do sub-sistema de fonte descrito acima - OpenOffice.org (que usa sua própria tecnologia de administração de fontes) e Mozilla (que usa fontconfig e não GTK 2).

    Se deseja adicionar fontes em seu sistema Red Hat Linux 9, você deve estar ciente que os passos necessários dependem de qual é o sub-sistema usado nas novas fontes. Para o sub-sistema central de fonte X, você deve:

    1. Criar o diretório /usr/share/fonts/local/ (se já não existe):

    mkdir /usr/share/fonts/local/

    Se foi necessário criar /usr/share/fonts/local/, você deve então adicioná-lo ao caminho do servidor de fonte X (xfs):

    chkfontpath --add /usr/share/fonts/local/

    2. Copiar o arquivo da nova fonte em /usr/share/fonts/local/

    3. Atualizar as informações de fonte emitindo o seguinte comando:

    ttmkfdir -d /usr/share/fonts/local/ -o /usr/share/fonts/local/fonts.scale

    4. Recarregar o servidor de fonte xfs usando o seguinte comando:

    service xfs reload

    Adicionar fontes ao sub-sistema de fonte fontconfig é mais simples; o arquivo da nova fonte somente precisa ser copiado no diretório /usr/share/fonts/ (usuários individuais podem modificar sua configuração pessoal copiando o arquivo da fonte no diretório ~/.fonts/).

    Após copiar a nova fonte, use fc-cache para atualizar o cache das informações de fonte:

    fc-cache <directory>

    (Onde <directory> será o diretório /usr/share/fonts/ ou ~/.fonts/).

    Usuários individuais também podem instalar fontes graficamente, navegando em fonts:/// no Nautilus, e depois arrastando os arquivos das novas fontes para lá.

    NOTA: Se o nome do arquivo da fonte termina com ".gz", este foi comprimido com gzip e deve ser descomprimido (com o comando gunzip) antes que o sub-sistema de fonte fontconfig possa usar a fonte.

  • Devido à transição para o novo sistema de fonte baseado no fontconfig/Xft, aplicações GTK+ 1.2 não são afetadas por quaisquer mudanças feitas através da caixa de diálogo Preferências de Fonte. Para estas aplicações, a fonte pode ser configurada adicionando as seguintes linhas ao arquivo ~/.gtkrc.mine:

    style "user-font" {

    fontset = "<font-specification>"

    }

    widget_class "*" style "user-font"

    (Onde <font-specification> representa a especificação da fonte no estilo usado pelas aplicações tradicionais do X, tais como "-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-*-*-*-*".)

  • Novas funcionalidades no XFree86 incluem:

    - Xcursor — Novo código do cursor do mouse, permitindo o uso do mouse com cores, 'antialiased', 'alpha blended' (translucência), animado, temático e com apontadores de vários tamanhos.

    - O suporte ao ATI Radeon 9000, 9100, FireGL 8700, 8800 3D/2D/Xv agora estão disponíveis. O ATI Radeon 9500 Pro e 9700 Pro, assim como o ATI FireGL X1 e Z1 agora são suportados apenas por 2D. Também foi adicionado a esta versão suporte a mais de 30 conjuntos de chips ATI Rage 128 adicionais, o que deve abranger todos os conjuntos de chips Rage 128 no momento.

    - Suporte de vídeo integrado (2D/3D/Xvideo) ao Intel i845, i852, i855, e i865, e suporte de vídeo melhorado ao Intel i830. O 'driver' de vídeo Intel foi re-estruturado completamente e seu código foi amplamente re-escrito para ser bem mais robusto e suportar mais hardware. Muitos erros foram consertados, assim como muitas soluções temporárias para BIOSs quebrados de laptop e de placas-mãe que limitam a memória a 1Mb.

    - Novo suporte para Nvidia GeForce 4, nForce, GeForce 2 Go e vários outros hardware da Nvidia. O driver nv também foi melhorado para tentar auto-detectar chips Nvidia desconhecidos não suportados oficialmente, mas que, provavelmente, podem ser estimulados a funcionar (mesmo que não suportados oficialmente) tratando-os de forma similar a um dos chips suportados na mesma família. O driver nv, assim como em versões anteriores, permanece apenas 2D.

    - Na ocasião em que estas notas de versão foram finalizadas, os drivers 3D acelerados somente binários da NVIDIA não estavam completamente compatíveis com o Red Hat Linux 9. A NVIDIA está ciente deste problema; monitore o site da NVIDIA para saber das atualizações desta questão.

    - O driver Savage atualizado que suporta os conjuntos de chip Savage mais novos, e conserta vários erros.

    - Um novíssimo 'driver' para o conjunto de chips National Semiconductor Geode, nsc, é provido.

    - Muitas outras atualizações de 'driver' de vídeo e melhorias foram efetuadas.

    - Muitas entradas novas de 'driver' incluindo fpit, palmax, ur98 e outras foram adicionadas.

  • Como 'default', o 'Sendmail mail transport agent' (MTA) não aceita conexões de rede de nenhum 'host' além do computador local. Se você quer configurar 'Sendmail' como um servidor para outros clientes, você deve editar o comando /etc/mail/sendmail.mc e alterar a linha DAEMON_OPTIONS para escutar dispositivos de rede também (ou desabilite completamente esta opção utilizando o delimitador de comentário dnl). Então você deve gerar novamente /etc/mail/sendmail.cf rodando o seguinte comando (como 'root'):

    criar -C /etc/mail

    Note que você deve ter o pacote sendmail-cf instalado para que isto funcione.

  • CUPS agora é o 'spooler' de impressão 'default' e redhat-config-printer é a ferramenta recomendada para configurá-lo. Pode ser iniciado do menu Configurações do Sistema utilizando Impressão. O protocolo LPRng ainda é provido, e o sistema continuará a utilizar LPRng em atualizações de instalações anteriores.

  • Gerenciador de Impressão GNOME, uma simples ferramenta gráfica de gerenciamento de fila de impressão, agora está inclusa. Ela pode ser iniciada a partir do menu Ferramentas do Sistema, utilizando o item Gerenciador de Impressão. Além disso, aparecerá um ícone na área de aviso no sistema do painel quando uma impressão estiver na fila.

  • O Red Hat Linux 9 inclui a Biblioteca Nativa da Fileira POSIX (NPTL), uma nova implementação da fileira POSIX para Linux. Essa biblioteca traz melhorias no desempenho e maior escalabilidade para processadores i686 ou melhores.

    Essa biblioteca de fileira é planejada para ser binariamente compatível com a antiga implementação LinuxThreads; mas as aplicações baseadas nos locais onde a implementação do LinuxThreads desvia do padrão POSIX terão que ser consertadas. Diferenças notáveis incluem:

    - O manejo de sinais mudou de manejo de sinal por fileira para processo POSIX de manejo de sinal .

    - getpid() retorna o mesmo valor em todas as fileiras.

    - Controladores de fileiras registrados com pthread_atfork não são executados se vfork() for usado — sem gerenciador de fileiras.

    Aplicações conhecidas que apresentam problemas no NPTL incluem:

    - Sun JRE de versões anteriores a 1.4.1

    - IBM JRE

    Se uma aplicação não funcionar corretamente com NPTL, pode ser executada com a implementação antiga do LinuxThreads definindo a seguinte variável de ambiente:

    LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=<versão-do-kernel>

    As versões seguintes estão disponíveis:

    - 2.4.1 — Linuxthreads com pilhas flutuantes de dados

    - 2.2.5 — Linuxthreads sem pilhas flutuantes de dados

    O suporte do NPTL para todas as aplicações dinamicamente ligadas pode ser desativado usando a seguinte opção na hora de iniciar:

    nosysinfo

  • Uma mensagem do novo sistema foi adicionada ao Red Hat Linux 9:

    erro de aplicação: <nome-da-app>(<pid-da-app>) tem o SIGCHLD definido para SIG_IGN, mas a chamada espera(). (veja a seção 'ajuda para espera' das NOTAS). Solução temporária ativada.

    Esta mensagem (exibida no console do sistema e/ou nos arquivos de registro do sistema) indica que a aplicação não obedece ao padrão no que tange à gestão de processos do item-filho. Se você ver esta mensagem, deverá avisar aos programadores da aplicação.

  • O Python foi compilado com o suporte do UCS4 (caracteres Unicode representados em 4 bytes) ao ocntrário do UCS2. UCS4 permite representar caracteres fora do Plano Básico Multilingüe. Certas bibliotecas de terceiros talvez parem de funcionar por causa desta mudança; recompilar estas bibliotecas deve resolver o problema. Por favor lembre que módulos python "puros" (que têm o código escrito em python) ou módulos compilados que não utilizam o Unicode diretamente não são afetados por esta mudança.

  • Os pacotes fileutils, textutils, sh-utils, e stat foram substituídos pelo pacote mais novo coreutils.

  • Os RPMs contendo a Ferramenta de Administração de Rede tiveram seus nomes e funções alterados. O RPM redhat-config-network contém a interface de usuário gráfica da ferramenta, enquanto o redhat-config-network-tui contém a ferramenta propriamente dita (junto à interface de usuário no modo texto).

  • O suporte para XHTML1 — a reformulação do HTML em XML — foi melhorado. Isto foi feito adicionando o pacote xhtml1-dtd, instalando os DTDs no catálogo do sistema, e adicionando suporte nativo nas ferramentas libxml2 e xsltproc.

  • O comando e pacote redhat-switchmail foram renomeados como redhat-switch-mail. O pacote redhat-switchmail-gnome foi renomeado como redhat-switch-mail-gnome.

  • O perfilador do sistema Oprofile foi adicionado aoRed Hat Linux 9 . Oprofile é uma ferramenta para programadores analisarem o desempenho do sistema, usando hardware especial que compõe muitos computadores modernos. A documentação do OProfile pode ser encontrada no pacote oprofile. Após instalar Red Hat Linux 9, submeta o comando rpm -qd oprofile para obter uma lista da documentação disponível. Visite o website do OProfile em http://oprofile.sourceforge.net para mais detalhes.

  • O GDB foi melhorado para permitir a depuração de informações para que as aplicações possam ser lidas em arquivos separados. isto possibilita extrair informações de depuração de binários e colocá-las em um pacote sumplementar. Durante o desenvolvimento do Red Hat Linux 9, foram gerados pacotes "debuginfo" para quase todos os pacotes implementando macros RPM especiais. A configuração da macro RPM no Red Hat Linux 9 gera pacotes "debuginfo" por default. Se você está criando pacotes e não quer gerar pacotes "debuginfo", adicione o seguinte ao seu arquivo ~/.rpmmacros:

    %define debug_package %{vazio}

Alterações nos Pacotes

Os seguintes pacotes foram adicionados ao Red Hat Linux 9:

- bluez-libs — Bibliotecas para programas utilitários Bluetooth™

- bluez-libs — Programas utilitários Bluetooth

- bogl — Biblioteca gráfica para 'framebuffers'; usada pelo programa de instalação do Red Hat Linux

- ckermit — Substitui gkermit

- coreutils — Substitui fileutils, textutils, sh-utils e stat

- desktop-printing — Impressão 'Drag-and-drop' e ícone do trabalho de impressão

- devlabel — Suporte para acesso a dispositivos de armazenamento persistentes

- elfutils — Substitui libelf

- fontilus — Visualizador de fonte para Nautilus

- fonts-hebrew — Fontes Hebraicas

- gnome-icon-theme — Ãcones para o ambiente GNOME básico

- gnome-themes — Coleção de temas para o ambiente GNOME

- gstreamer — Biblioteca da estrutura Multimídia

- gstreamer-plugins — Plugins de entrada e saída para gstreamer

- gthumb — Visualizador de gráficos

- hpoj — Suporte à HP OfficeJet

- jwhois — Substitui whois

- libgnomeprint22 — Bibliotecas atualizadas

- libgnomeprintui22 — Bibliotecas atualizadas

- libgsf — Biblioteca para ler/escrever arquivos estruturados

- nautilus-cd-burner — Suporte à gravação de CDs para o Nautilus

- nautilus-media — Suporte à leitura de áudio para o Nautilus

- openssl096b — Pacote de manutenção de compatibilidade

- postgresql-odbc — Suporte ODBC para PostgreSQL

- postgresql72-libs — Bibliotecas de compatibilidade do PostgreSQL 7.2

- printman — Gestor de fila de impressão

- pyorbit — Substitui orbit-python

- redhat-config-samba — Ferramenta de configuração do Samba

- redhat-switch-mail — Renomeado como redhat-switchmail

- soup — Biblioteca de implementação SOAP

- startup-notification — Suporte para cursor ocupado

- subversion — Sistema de controle de versão

- tsclient — Cliente GUI para Terminal de Servidor VNS e Windows

- ttmkfdir — Separado do XFree86

- vconfig — VLAN (802.1q) programa de configuração

- xhtml1-dtds — Suporte a XHTML1

Os seguintes pacotes foram removidos do Red Hat Linux 9:

- WindowMaker — Restrições de recurso do desenvolvedor

- Xft — Integrado no XFree86

- Xtest — Não é mais necessário para Anaconda

- anonftp — funcionalidade enviada para o pacote vsftpd

- bdflush — Desnecessário (necessário apenas para kernels 2.2)

- fileutils — Substituído por coreutils

- fortune-mod — Status de direitos autorais obscuro

- gkermit — Substituído por ckermit

- ipvsadm — Não faz mais parte do perfil do produto Red Hat Linux

- kbdconfig — Substituído por redhat-config-keyboard

- kernel-uml — Pacote experimental, removido

- ksymoops — Não é mais necessário para o kernel

- libelf — Substituído por elfutils

- librpm404 — Biblioteca de compatibilidade agora desnecessária

- libxml10 — Biblioteca de compatibilidade agora desnecessária

- mouseconfig — Substituído por redhat-config-mouse

- openldap12 — Biblioteca de compatibilidade agora desnecessária

- openssl095a — Biblioteca de compatibilidade agora desnecessária

- orbit-python — Substituído por pyorbit

- php-dbg-base — Não usado na distribuição

- php-dbg-client — Não usado na distribuição

- php-dbg-server — Não usado na distribuição

- redhat-switchmail — Renomeado como redhat-switch-mail

- rhmask — Red Hat Não distribui mais arquivos rhmask

- rpm2html — Não recomendado pelo autor

- sh-utils — Subtituído por coreutils

- stat — Substituído por coreutils

- textutils — Substituído por coreutils

- timeconfig — Substituído por redhat-config-date

- whois — Substituído por jwhois

- wine — Restrições de recurso do desenvolvedor

- wmapm — Parte da remoção Windowmaker

- wmclock — Parte da remoção Windowmaker

- wmix — Parte da remoção Windowmaker

- wu-ftpd — vsftpd é o FTP daemon recomendado

- xtoolwait — Não usado na distribuição

Os seguintes pacotes não são recomendados e talvez sejam removidos de uma futura versão do Red Hat Linux:

- pine — Questões relacionadas à licença

- LPRng — CUPS é a solução de impressão recomendada

- Glide3 — Questões multi-plataforma

- lilo — GRUB é o gestor de início recomendado

- sndconfig — Não é mais necessário para os componentes de hardware mais comuns

- ncpfs — Não faz mais parte do perfil do produto Red Hat Linux

- mars-nwe — Não faz mais parte do perfil do produto Red Hat Linux

Notas do Kernel

Esta seção abrange questões relacionadas ao kernel do Red Hat Linux 9.

  • Nota Especial: O suporte ao ACL adicionado ao kernel nas duas primeiras versões públicas beta mostraram-se instáveis e causaram o regresso do kernel. Por este motivo, a Red Hat removeu do kernel este suporte ao ACL para o Red Hat Linux 9. Os engenheiros do kernel continuarão trabalhando na melhoria do suporte ao ACL, que estará disponível em uma versão futura. Os pacotes attr e acl necessários para suportar ACLs ainda estão inclusos para auxiliar usuários e desenvolvedores que queriam testar ACLs. A Red Hat pode prover, de acordo com sua decisão, suporte ao ACL para esta versão do Red Hat Linux como uma atualização, se testes futuros demonstrarem que a qualidade deste suporte melhorou substancialmente.

  • A opção de início apic que permite instalar em sistemas com o conjunto de chips Intel 440GX foi removida porque causava conflitos com muitos sistemas modernos. Causou, por exemplo, o não-funcionamento ou mau-funcionamento do SMM (Modo de Gestão do Sistema), ocasionando a falha na instalação em alguns sistemas. Remover a opção de início apic possibilita a instalação nestes sistemas com sucesso.

    Uma solução temporária diferente que talvez permita iniciar alguns sistemas com o conjunto de chips Intel 440GX foi elaborada; esta solução é ativada automaticamente e não requer nenhuma interação de sua parte. Se você tiver um sistema baseado no Intel 440GX e não puder instalar o Red Hat Linux 9, mas sim uma versão anterior, por favor envie um relatório do erro e inclua a a resposta (obviamente rodando a versão anterior) do programa dmidecode, executado como root. Lembre-se, no entanto, que não será possível instalar o Red Hat Linux 9 de maneira alguma.

    Sistemas com o conjunto de chips 440GX são suportados somente na melhor das hipóteses. No entanto, nós apreciamos o envio de relatórios de erros relacionados a sistemas com conjunto de chips 440GX, mas não podemos garantir que estes erros serão solucionados.

  • O suporte do kernel às novas funcionalidades do NPTL altera significativamente diversas interfaces de programação do kernel. Como resultado, diversos módulos externos do kernel talvez não sejam compilados sem modificações que correspondam às novas interfaces. Exemplos atuais incluem os módulos NVIDIA e ATI 3D, assim como outros módulos que utilizam os threads e/ou sinais do kernel.

Red Hat Linux 9 Notas da Versão

Red Hat Linux 9 Notas da Versão

Copyright © 2003 Red Hat, Inc.

Requisitos de Hardware

As informações seguintes representam os requisitos mínimos de hardwarenecessários para instalar Red Hat Linux 9 com sucesso:

CPU:

- Mínimo: Pentium-class

- Recomendado para modo texto: Pentium-class 200 MHz ou melhor

- Recomendado para modo gráfico: Pentium II 400 MHZ ou melhor

Espaço em disco rígido (NOTA: Será necessário espaço adicional para dados do usuário):

- Instalação Personalizada (mínimo): 475MB

- Servidor: 850MB

- Computador Pessoal: 1.7GB

- Estação de Trabalho: 2.1GB

- Instalação Personalizada (tudo): 5.0GB

Memória:

- Mínimo para modo texto: 64MB

- Mínimo para modo gráfico: 128MB

- Recomendado para modo gráfico: 192MB

Note que a compatibilidade/disponibilidade de outros componentes de hardware (tais como placas de vídeo e de rede) podem ser solicitadas para modos de instalação específicos e/ou para uso pós-instalação. Para mais informações sobre compatibilidade de hardware, consulte a Lista de Compatibilidade Red Hat Linux em http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/

Notas Relacionadas à Instalação

Esta seção descreve questões relacionadas a Anaconda (o Red Hat Linuxprograma de instalação) e instalando Red Hat Linux 9 em geral.

  • O programa de instalação Red Hat Linux é capaz de testar a integridade da mídia de instalação. Ele trabalha com os métodos de instalação de CD, DVD, disco rígido ISO e NFS ISO. Red Hat recomenda que você teste toda a mídia de instalação antes de iniciar o processo de instalação e antes de reportar qualquer 'bug' relacionado à instalação (muitos dos 'bugs' reportados ocorrem em função de CDs mal-gravados). Para utilizar este teste, digite linux mediacheck no prompt boot:.

  • Enquanto a maioria dos computadores de hoje são capazes de iniciar oprocesso de instalação iniciando o primeiro CD de distribuição Red Hat Linux,algumas configurações de hardware necessitam o uso do disco 'boot'.Se o seu hardware requer o disco 'boot', você deve alertar para a seguintemudança.

    Red Hat Linux 9 utilizam um disco 'boot' com layout diferente das versõesanteriores do Red Hat Linux. Agora há apenas uma imagem de arquivo para o disco 'boot'(bootdisk.img) que é usada para todos os sistemas 'boot'que necessitam de um disco 'boot'.

    Se você está rodando qualquer outro programa a não ser uma instalaçãoa partir de um dispositivo IDE ou USB, você deverá inserir um disquetede uma das seguintes imagens de arquivo:

    - drvnet.img — Para instalações de rede

    - drvblock.img — Para instalações SCSI

    - pcmciadd.img — Para instalações PCMCIA

    Assim como em versões anteriores do Red Hat Linux, estas imagens de arquivospodem ser encontradas no diretório images/ noprimeiro CD de instalação.

  • O arquivo boot.isotambém está no diretório images/. Este arquivo é uma imagem ISO que pode serusada para iniciar o programa de instalação do Red Hat Linux. É uma maneira prática de começar instalações de rede sem precisar usar vários disquetes. Para usar boot.iso, seu computador deve ser capaz de iniciar a partir do drive de CD-ROM, e seu BIOS deve estar configurado para tal. Você deve então gravar boot.iso em um CD-ROM virgem ou regravável.

  • O ambiente do modo de recuperação (acessado ao iniciar com o comando linux rescue) foi melhorado. Diversas utilidades solicitadas foram adicionadas e agora há suporte para ativação de interfaces de rede. Comandos necessários para suporte de fita SCSI também estão disponíveis. Por favor teste este ambiente e nos envie suas impressões.

    Se você escolher montar uma instalação existente em modo de recuperação e tiver páginas man nesta instalação, o comando man funcionará enquanto estiver no modo de recuperação.

  • O programa de instalação Red Hat Linux detecta agora produtos Red Hat existentes em seu sistema e questionará qual produto você quer atualizar. Você também terá a opção de rodar a reinstalação completa do sistema ao invés de atualizar. Por favor reporte qualquer problema que você tenha com esta nova funcionalidade.

    Se o conteúdo de seu arquivo /etc/redhat-release foi alterado em relação ao default, sua instalação Red Hat Linux talvez não seja encontrada quando você tentar atualizar para Red Hat Linux 9.

    Você pode facilitar algumas verificações neste arquivo inserindo o seguinteno prompt boot::

    linux upgradeany

    Utilize a opção upgradeany somente se a sua instalação Red Hat Linux não foi detectada.

  • isolinux agora é usado para iniciar o CD de instalaçãodo Red Hat Linux. Se você tiver problemas em iniciar pelo CD, você pode escrever a imagem images/bootdisk.img para um disquete de acordo com asinstruções no Red Hat Linux Manual de Instalação.

  • Durante uma instalação gráfica, você pode digitar SHIFT-Print Screen para que a imagem da tela de instalação corrente seja gravada. Estas imagens são armazenadas noseguinte diretório:

    /root/anaconda-screenshots/

    As imagens das telas podem ser acessadas uma vez que o recém-instaladosistema for reiniciado.

  • O programa de manipulação de partição de discopartedfoi atualizado para versão 1.6. Procure por falhas na identificação de tipos de sistemasde arquivo e erros em discos com tabelas de partição incomuns.

Notas Gerais

Esta seção descreve questões sobre pós-instalação.

  • Alguns problemas foram observados ao atualizar os sitemas Red Hat Linux 6.<x>, 7.<x>, 8.0, and 9rodando Ximian GNOME. O problema é causado por uma sobreposição de versões entre oRed Hat Linux RPMs oficial e o Ximian RPMs. Red Hat não suporta esta configuração. Você temdiversas opções para solucionar este problema:

    1) Você pode remover Ximian GNOME de seu sistema Red Hat Linux antes de atualizarRed Hat Linux.

    2) Você pode atualizar Red Hat Linux e logo em seguida reinstalar Ximian GNOME.

    3) Você pode atualizar Red Hat Linux, logo em seguida remover todos os Ximian RPMse substituí-los com os Red Hat Linux RPMs correspondentes.

    Você deve resolver a sobreposição de versões usandouma das opções acima. A falta de solução deste problema resultará em umaconfiguração instável do GNOME.

  • Houve algumas confusões em relação às questões de fonte sob o Sistema X Window em versões recentes do Red Hat Linux. No momento, há dois sub-sistemas de fonte, cada um com características diferentes:

    - O sub-sistema original (15-20 anos de idade) é referido como o "sub-sistema central de fonte X". Fontes administradas por este sub-sistema são arredondadas, manejadas pelo servidor X e têm nomes como:

    -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--10-100-75-75-c-60-iso8859-1

    O sub-sistema de fonte mais novo é conhecido como "fontconfig" e permite às aplicações acesso direto para os arquivos de fonte. Fontconfig é comumente usado com a biblioteca "Xft", que permite às aplicações administrarem fontes fontconfig na tela com 'antialiasing'. Fontconfig usa nomes mais amigáveis como:

    Luxi Sans-10

    Com o passar do tempo, fontconfig/Xft irá substituir o sub-sistema central de fonte X. No momento, aplicações utilizando kits de ferramentas Qt 3 ou GTK 2 (inclusive aplicações do KDE e do GNOME) usam o sub-sistema de fonte fontconfig e Xft. Quase todas as outras usam as fontes centrais X.

    Futuramente, Red Hat talvez suporte somente fontconfig/Xft no lugar do servidor de fontes XFS como método default de acesso a fontes locais.

    NOTA: Há duas exceções no uso do sub-sistema de fonte descrito acima - OpenOffice.org (que usa sua própria tecnologia de administração de fontes) e Mozilla (que usa fontconfig).

    Se deseja adicionar fontes em seu sistema Red Hat Linux 9, você deve estar ciente que os passos necessários dependem de qual é o sub-sistema usado nas novas fontes. Para o sub-sistema central de fonte X, você deve:

    1. Crie o diretório /usr/share/fonts/local/ (se ainda não existe):

    mkdir /usr/share/fonts/local/

    Se foi necessário criar /usr/share/fonts/local/, você deve então adicioná-lo ao caminho do servidor de fonte X (xfs):

    chkfontpath --add /usr/share/fonts/local/

    2. Copie o arquivo da nova fonte em /usr/share/fonts/local/

    3. Atualize as informações de fonte emitindo o seguinte comando:

    ttmkfdir -d /usr/share/fonts/local/ -o /usr/share/fonts/local/fonts.scale

    4. Reinicie o servidor de fonte xfs usando o seguinte comando:

    service xfs reload

    Adicionar fontes ao sub-sistema de fonte fontconfig é mais simples; o arquivo da nova fonte somente precisa ser copiado no diretório /usr/share/fonts/ (usuários individuais podem modificar sua configuração pessoal copiando o arquivo da fonte no diretório ~/.fonts/).

    Após copiar a nova fonte, use fc-cache para atualizar o cache das informações de fonte:

    fc-cache <directory>

    (Onde <directory> será /usr/share/fonts/ ou ~/.fonts/).

    Usuários individuais também podem instalar fontes graficamente, navegandoem fonts:/// no Nautilus, e depois arrastando os arquivos das novas fontes para lá.

    NOTA: Se o nome do arquivo da fonte termina com ".gz", este foi comprimido com gzip e deve ser descomprimido (com o comando gunzip) antes que o sub-sistema de fonte fontconfig possa usar a fonte.

  • Devido à transição para o novo sistema de fonte baseado no fontconfig/Xft, aplicações GTK+ 1.2 não são afetadas por quaisquer mudanças feitas através da caixa de diálogo Preferências de Fonte. Para estas aplicações, a fonte pode ser configurada adicionando as seguintes linhas ao arquivo ~/.gtkrc.mine:

    style "user-font" {

    fontset = "<font-specification>"

    }

    widget_class "*" style "user-font"

    (Onde <font-specification> representa a especificação da fonte no estilo usado pelo aplicações tradicionais do X, tais como "-adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--*-120-*-*-*-*-*-*".)

  • Novas funcionalidades no XFree86 4.2.99.3 (pré-versão 4.3.0) incluem:

    - Xcursor — Novo código do cursor do mouse, permitindo o uso de mouse com cores, 'antialiased', 'alpha blended' (translucência), animados, temáticos e apontadores de vários tamanhos.

    - Suporte de vídeo integrado ao Intel i845 (2D/3D/Xvideo), suporte de vídeo ao Intel i830 melhorado. O 'driver' de vídeo Intel foi re-estruturado completamente e seu código foi amplamente re-escrito para ser bem mais robusto e suportar mais hardware. Muitos erros foram consertados, assim como muitas soluções temporárias para BIOSs quebrados de laptop e de placas-mãe que limitam a memória a 1Mb.

    - Novo suporte para Nvidia GeForce 4, nForce, GeForce 2 Go e vários outros hardware Nvidia. O 'driver' Nvidia também foi melhorado para tentar auto-detectar chips Nvidia desconhecidos não suportados oficialmente, mas que, provavelmente, podem ser estimulados a funcionar (mesmo que não suportados oficialmente) tratando-os de forma similar a um dos chips suportados na mesma família. O 'driver' nv, assim como em versões anteriores, permanece apenas 2D.

    - 'Driver' Savage atualizado que suporta os conjuntos de chip Savage mais novos, e conserta vários erros.

    - Um novíssimo 'driver' para o conjunto de chips National Semiconductor Geode, nsc, é provido.

    - Muitas outras atualizações de 'driver' de vídeo e melhorias foram efetuadas.

    - Muitas entradas novas Sde 'driver' incluindo fpit, palmax, ur98 e outras foram adicionadas.

  • Como 'default', o 'Sendmail mail transport agent' (MTA) não aceita conexões de redede nenhum 'host' além do computador local. Se você quer configurar 'Sendmail'como um servidor para outros clientes, você deve editar o comando /etc/mail/sendmail.mc e alterar a linha DAEMON_OPTIONS para escutar dispositivos de rede também (ou desabilite completamenteesta opção utilizando o dnl delimitador de comentário).Então você deve gerar novamente /etc/mail/sendmail.cf rodandoo seguinte comando (como raiz):

    Note que você deve ter o pacote sendmail-cf instaladopara que isto funcione.

  • CUPS agora é o 'spooler' de impressão 'default' e redhat-config-printer é a ferramenta recomendada para configurá-lo. Pode ser iniciado do menuSystem Settings utilizando Printing.O protocolo LPRng ainda é provido, e o sistema continuará a utilizar LPRng ematualizações de instalações anteriores.

  • Gerenciador de Impressão GNOME, uma simples ferramentagráfica de gerenciamento de fila de impressão, agora está inclusa. Ela pode ser iniciadaa partir do menu Ferramentas do Sistema, utilizando o itemGerenciador de Impressão. Além disso, aparecerá umícone na área de aviso no sistema do painel quando uma impressão estiver na fila.

  • Red Hat Linux 9 inclui a Biblioteca Nativa da Fileira POSIX, uma nova implementação da fileira POSIX para Linux. Essa biblioteca traz melhorias no desempenho e escalabilidade aumentada para processadores i686 ou melhores.

    Essa biblioteca de fileira é planejada para ser binariamente compatível com a antiga implementação LinuxThreads; mas aplicações baseadas nos locais de onde a implementação do LinuxThreads desvia do padrão POSIX terão que ser consertadas. Diferenças notáveis incluem:

    - O manejo de sinais mudou de manejo de sinal por fileira para processo POSIX de manejo de sinal .

    - getpid() retorna o mesmo valor em todas as fileiras.

    - Controladores de fileiras registrados com pthread_atfork não são executados se vfork() for usado — sem gerenciador de fileiras.

    Aplicações conhecidas com problemas no NPTL incluem:

    - Sun JRE de versões anteriores a 1.4.1

    Se uma aplicação não funcionar corretamente com NPTL, pode ser executada com a implementação antiga do LinuxThreads definindo a seguinte variável de ambiente:

    fontset = "<font-specification>"

    O suporte do NPTL no kernel pode ser desativado para todo o sistema usando a seguinte opção na hora de iniciar:

    nosysinfo

  • Os seguintes pacotes foram adicionados ao Red Hat Linux 9:

  • Os pacotes fileutils, textutils, sh-utils, e stat foram substituídos pelo pacote mais novo coreutils.

  • Suporte para XHTML1 — a reformulação do HTML em XML — foi melhorado. Isto foi feito adicionando o pacote xhtml1-dtd, instalando os DTDs no catálogo do sistema, e adicionando suportte nativo nas ferramentas libxml2 e xsltproc.

  • O comando e pacote redhat-switchmail foram renomeadosredhat-switch-mail. O pacote redhat-switchmail-gnome foi renomeado redhat-switch-mail-gnome.

  • OProfile é uma ferramenta para programadores analisarem o desempenho do sistema, usando hardware especial que compõe muitos compudaores modernos. A documentação do OProfile pode ser encontrada no pacote oprofile. Após instalar Red Hat Linux 9, submeta o comando rpm -qd oprofile para obter uma lista da documentação disponível. Visite o website do OProfile em http://oprofile.sourceforge.net para mais detalhes.

Alterações nos Pacotes

Os seguintes pacotes foram adicionados ao Red Hat Linux 9:

- bogl — Biblioteca gráfica para framebuffers; usada pelo programa de instalação do Red Hat Linux

- ckermit — Substitui gkermit

- coreutils — Substitui fileutils, textutils, sh-utils e stat

- desktop-printing — Impressão 'Drag-and-drop' e ícone do trabalho de impressão

- devlabel — Suporte para acesso a dispositivos de armazenamentopersistentes

- elfutils — Substitui libelf

- fontilus — Visualizador de fonte para Nautilus

- gnome-icon-theme — Ãcones para o ambiente GNOME básico

- gnome-icon-theme — Ãcones para o ambiente GNOME básico

- gstreamer — Biblioteca da estrutura Multimídia

- gstreamer-plugins — Plugins de entrada e saída para gstreamer

- gthumb — Visualizador de gráficos

- hpoj — Suporte à HP OfficeJet

- jwhois — Substitui whois

- libgnomeprint22 — Bibliotecas atualizadas

- libgnomeprintui22 — Bibliotecas atualizadas

- libgsf — Biblioteca para ler/escrever arquivos estruturados

- nautilus-cd-burner — Suporte à gravação de CDs para o Nautilus

- nautilus-media — Suporte à leitura de audio para o Nautilus

- openssl096b — Pacote de manutenção de compatibilidade

- libxml10 — Biblioteca de compatibilidade agora desnecessária

- printman — Gestor de fila de impressão

- pyorbit — Substitui orbit-python

- redhat-config-samba — Ferramenta de configuração do Samba

- redhat-switch-mail — Renomeado de redhat-switchmail

- soup — Biblioteca de implementação SOAP

- startup-notification — Suporte para cursor ocupado

- subversion — Sistema de controle de versão

- tsclient — Cliente GUI para Terminal de Servidor VNS e Windows

- ttmkfdir — Separado do XFree86

- redhat-config-samba — Ferramenta de configuração do Samba

- xhtml1-dtds — Suporte a XHTML1

Os seguintes pacotes foram removidos do Red Hat Linux 9:

- WindowMaker — Restrições de recurso

- Xft — Integrado no XFree86

- sndconfig — Não é mais necessário para os hardware mais comuns

- bdflush — Desnecessário (necessário apenas para kernels 2.2)

- fileutils — Substituído por coreutils

- fortune-mod — Status de direitos autorais obscuro

- gkermit — Substituído por ckermit

- ipvsadm — Não faz mais parte do perfil do produto Red Hat Linux

- kbdconfig — Suibstituído por redhat-config-keyboard

- bdflush — Desnecessário (necessário apenas para kernels 2.2)

- libelf — Substituído por elfutils

- librpm404 — Biblioteca de compatibilidade agora desnecessária

- libxml10 — Biblioteca de compatibilidade agora desnecessária

- mouseconfig — Substituído por redhat-config-mouse

- libxml10 — Biblioteca de compatibilidade agora desnecessária

- libxml10 — Biblioteca de compatibilidade agora desnecessária

- orbit-python — Substituído por pyorbit

- php-dbg-base — Não usado na distribuição

- php-dbg-client — Não usado na distribuição

- php-dbg-server — Not used within distribution

- redhat-switchmail — Renomeado para redhat-switch-mail

- rhmask — Red Hat não distribui mais arquivos rhmask

- rpm2html — Não recomendado pelo autor

- sh-utils — Subtituído por coreutils

- stat — Substituído por coreutils

- textutils — Substituído por coreutils

- timeconfig — Substituído por redhat-config-date

- whois — Substituído por jwhois

- wine — Restrições de recurso

- wmapm — Parte da remoção Windowmaker

- wmclock — Parte da remoção Windowmaker

- wmix — Parte da remoção Windowmaker

- wu-ftpd — vsftpd é o FTP daemon recomendado

- xtoolwait — Não usado na distribuição

Os seguintes pacotes não são recomendados e talvez sejam removidos de uma futura versão do Red Hat Linux:

- pine — Questões relacionadas à licença

- LPRng — CUPS é a solução de impressão recomendada

- Glide3 — Questões multi-plataforma

- lilo — Grub é o gestor de início recomendado

- sndconfig — Não é mais necessário para os hardware mais comuns

- ncpfs — Não faz mais parte do perfil do produto Red Hat Linux

- mars-nwe — Não faz mais parte do perfil do produto Red Hat Linux

Notas do Kernel

Esta seção abrange questões relacionadas ao kernel do Red Hat Linux 9.

Red Hat Linux 9 ì¶œì‹œì— ì•žì„œ

Red Hat Linux 9 ì¶œì‹œì— ì•žì„œ

Copyright © 2003 Red Hat, Inc.

하드웨어 요건

ë‹¤ìŒ ì •ë³´ëŠ” Red Hat Linux 9를 성공ì ìœ¼ë¡œ ì„¤ì¹˜í•˜ëŠ”ë° í•„ìš”í•œ 최소 하드웨어 ìš”ê±´ì„ ë³´ì—¬ì¤ë‹ˆë‹¤:

CPU:

- 최소: Pentium 급

- í…스트 모드 권장 사항: 200 MHz Pentium 급 ì´ìƒ

- 그래픽 모드 권장 사항: 400 MHz Pentium II ì´ìƒ

하드 ë””ìŠ¤í¬ ìš©ëŸ‰ (주목: ì‚¬ìš©ìž ë°ì´í„°ë¥¼ 위해 추가 ê³µê°„ì´ í•„ìš”í•  것입니다):

- ì‚¬ìš©ìž ì„¤ì¹˜ (최소 요건): 475MB

- 서버 (최소): 850MB

- ê°œì¸ìš© ë°ìŠ¤í¬íƒ‘: 1.7GB

- ì›ìŠ¤í…Œì´ì…˜: 2.1GB

- ì‚¬ìš©ìž ì •ì˜ ì„¤ì¹˜ (전부 설치): 5.0GB

메모리:

- í…스트 모드 최소 요건: 64MB

- 그래픽 모드 최소 요건: 128MB

- 그래픽 모드 권장 사항: 192MB

특정 설치 모드와 설치 후 ì‚¬ìš©ì„ ìœ„í•´ì„œ 다른 하드웨어 구성 요소 (예, 비디오와 ë„¤íŠ¸ì›Œí¬ ì¹´ë“œ)ì— ëŒ€í•œ 호환성/ê°€ìš©ì„±ì´ ìš”êµ¬ë  ê²½ìš°ê°€ 있습니다. 하드웨어 í˜¸í™˜ì„±ì— ëŒ€í•œ 보다 ë§Žì€ ì •ë³´ë¥¼ ì›í•˜ì‹ ë‹¤ë©´, http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/ì—ì„œ Red Hat Linux 하